Procedure for registering a child for school. Why do you need registration?
In order to place a child in an educational institution, you will need a certain package of documents, which includes:
- Application for enrollment of a child in school;
- Child's birth certificate;
- Certificate of registration of the child at the place of residence or stay.
The law states that any child must be admitted to school, regardless of region. But as a rule, most schools are overcrowded and the school management simply physically cannot accept another child, and even without registration.
Therefore, at present there are two conditions under which admission to school:
- Location of the educational institution in the area of residence;
- Documentary confirmation of the place of residence of the family with the child. Such a document can be issued by a housing organization. It is issued on the basis of temporary registration. If there are free places at the school, then the school management does not have the right to refuse to admit the child on the basis of the certificate.
How to enroll children in first grade:
Enrollment is carried out in 3 stages.
- Stage 1 - for children who have priority enrollment rights (if older brothers and sisters, children of police officers, military personnel, if the parent works at this school, are already studying at the selected school). Applications are accepted from December 15th.
- Stage 2 - for those living in the assigned territory. Applications are accepted from January 20 to June 30.
- Stage 3 - for those who do not live in the assigned territory. Acceptance of applications from July 1.
Each school has a list of streets and house numbers that are assigned to a particular school. You can find out which school you belong to via the Internet, in the education department, and at the school itself.
It happens that one side of the street belongs to one school, and the other to another. Streets are assigned according to the “yard” principle.
According to SanPiN in the city, the distance to school should be no more than 500 m, for first-graders no more than 400 m. In villages for high school students the distance is no more than 4 km, for junior grades no more than 2.
[ad-2]
Temporary registration for a child
Although registration is not the main requirement for admission to school, they still do not admit you to school without it.
When applying to an educational institution, you must have a certificate of residence in the area where the school is located. If such a document is in hand, then the school management cannot refuse to admit the child, provided that there are free places.
Registration is not required for children whose parents serve in the courts, military or law enforcement. These children are accepted without waiting in line and without registration.
If parents do not live together...
Since the consent of both parents is required to formalize the temporary registration of a child, difficulties arise if mom and dad live in different cities and are not officially divorced, although they have ended the marriage relationship.
If an official divorce has taken place, then the consent of the second parent is not required. Otherwise, you will have to resolve the issue peacefully or go to court.
If it is necessary to move a child abroad and obtain temporary registration there, then if the parents are divorced, this also does not create any special difficulties.
If the second parent has not left with the Federal Migration Service a written ban on taking the child out of the country, then border guards have no right to prevent the minor from leaving the country.
How to obtain temporary registration for a school?
Registration of temporary registration is absolutely no different from permanent registration.
To register, you need to find an apartment where the child and parents agree to register. If there is more than one owner in the apartment, then written consent for registration from all of them is required, as well as their presence during registration.
There is another option: you need to present a power of attorney from the owner, which gives the right to a specific person to represent his interests. In any case, consent from the owners is a prerequisite for registration of a new tenant.
Consent will not be necessary only if parents register their child in their apartment.
Instructions for registering:
- Appeal of parents or representatives to the Federal Migration Service;
- Fill out an application in the prescribed form;
- Provide the necessary documents;
- Apply for temporary registration.
There are 2 ways to register:
- Obtaining a personal certificate for the child;
- Registering a child with the certificate of one of the parents.
In case of registration for schoolchildren over 14 years old, it can be done separately from their parents. The child will have to provide his consent.
Difficulties of eviction
Temporary registration gives the right to reside in residential premises for the period for which the registration is issued. This period is determined by mutual agreement of the owner and the parents of the minor. Consequently, after its expiration, the property owner can legally evict temporarily residing citizens.
However, it sometimes happens that the parents of a minor refuse to move out of the rented apartment after the registration period has expired. In this case, the property owner has the right to contact law enforcement agencies and then file a lawsuit for eviction.
What to do if the registration of a minor has not been completed, and the owner of the property needs to evict him and remove him from the register? In this case, it is possible to cancel the temporary registration ahead of schedule by agreement of the parties or through the court.
If the child’s parents are against this, then in order to appeal to the court, the owner must provide compelling reasons for eviction. In addition, it will also be necessary to confirm that the minor is not being thrown out onto the street and that he has a place to live.
For example, a mother and child rent an apartment. The owner of the property granted them registration for three years. A year later, the tenants stopped paying rent, and they don’t want to move out or cancel their temporary registration early.
The owner of the apartment knows that the minor has a father who owns a large house. Accordingly, the child can live there and be registered at the father’s address. Therefore, when filing an eviction claim, the apartment owner will be guided by these arguments.
However, there is a danger that the judge will consider them unconvincing and will leave the tenants to live out quietly until the end of the temporary registration period. At the same time, he will advise the owner to collect rent arrears in a separate proceeding.
Documents for temporary registration
In order to register a future student, parents must collect a package of documents.
It includes:
- Application in the prescribed form. It must be filled out by parents or guardians.
- Passports of parents or representatives (legal) of the child.
- Child's identity card. If he is under 14 years old, then such a document will be a birth certificate, if he is 14 - a passport.
- A stamp confirming the citizenship of the registered child.
- In some cases, a foreign passport is required if the place of permanent residence is another country.
Timing and cost
Registration at the place of stay is completed within 3 working days . Sometimes the process can take up to 1 week. After this time, a citizen under 18 years of age is issued a Certificate of Registration at the place of residence.
In some cases, the child is included in the Certificate of Registration of one of the parents.
The registration procedure for citizens of the Russian Federation is carried out without paying a state fee .
Citizens of other countries need to pay 350 rubles and submit a receipt along with other documents.
Where can I apply for temporary registration for a child?
Registration of citizens, including minors, is carried out by the Federal Migration Service or, more simply, by the passport office. Each city has its own department of the Federal Migration Service where you can apply for registration. You can also contact the MFC and submit an application with a package of documents to their employees, and they, in turn, will transfer the documents to the Federal Migration Service and set a date when you can come for registration.
In Moscow there is a special branch of passport offices of the EIRC , where temporary registration takes place.
You can also send an application along with a package of documents by mail or by email by registering on the government services website. It is important to remember that when sending documents by mail, they can get lost, so it is better to go to the institution in person and register the child.
The child can be registered separately or together with their parents. A child is registered separately if he is already 14 years old. Otherwise, the child is registered with his parents or with one of the parents, with the written consent of the other.
To register, you need to find housing whose owner can register the parents and child. The owner of the property will need to go to the Federal Migration Service department and submit the necessary documents.
What does the owner risk by temporarily registering a minor?
By law, children must be registered where their parents live, and the consent of the property owner is not required for these actions. This creates certain risks for the property owner .
A typical example of this: a citizen entered into a rental agreement and moved into an apartment with his child. Following this, he carried out temporary registration at this address for himself and for the child. The tenancy agreement has expired, there are no grounds for extending the temporary registration of the employer, but only through the court can the minor be re-registered at the same address. As a result, the owner will not be able to sell or otherwise dispose of his apartment while a child is registered in it, albeit temporarily.
To avoid such disputes, the terms and conditions must be carefully spelled out in the rental agreement. After all, according to the law, if the parents do not have permanent registration anywhere, the child cannot be discharged into the void. In the court of first instance, the owner of the property will most likely be denied the forcible eviction of the child.
A similar situation may arise when a newborn (adopted or taken into custody) child appears to a family that has moved into an apartment. With the arrival of the baby, the parents will temporarily legally register him at their place of residence, and for this they will not even need to obtain the consent of the owner of the home.
Is it possible to obtain temporary registration for a child without parents?
Situations arise when it is necessary to register a child without parents. The opportunity is available only to those children who are already 14 years old. A child may already be registered separately at this age, but written consent from parents or guardians will still be required.
Conditions for registering a child without parents:
- Age 14 years and older;
- Having a passport;
- Consent of two parents, if any, or guardians (legal representatives);
- Agree to the registration of the apartment owners.
Children under 14 years of age cannot be registered without parents or guardians under any circumstances. Orphans are registered in special institutions.
If the child is under 14, then the only solution may be registration with one of the parents, but the consent of the other parent is required. If consent from a parent cannot be obtained for some reason, then a decision on registration can be obtained through the court.
Rights and obligations of the registered and owner
The owner of the property is responsible for everything that happens in it, so he can allow or prohibit anyone from being assigned to his space. The exception is children who are registered regardless of the wishes of the owner or responsible tenant.
However, having allowed a person to register in the living space, the owner cannot arbitrarily discharge the tenant. If the registration is temporary, you will have to wait until it expires. A person can be deregistered ahead of schedule only through the court if the tenant violates the rules of residence.
A person who does not own real estate, but is registered in it, is obliged to comply with all rules of residence. Temporary registration in terms of rights and obligations is no different from permanent registration.
Responsibility for fictitious registration
A fictitious registration may look like a real one. However, the fictitious nature is that the person does not live at the specified address. Three parties are responsible for this act - the fictitious tenant, the owner of the property, and the FMS employee.
This offense is considered a criminal offense. Article 322.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provides for punishment in the form of:
- A fine in the amount of 100,000 to 150,000 rubles;
- Forced labor for up to 3 years;
- Imprisonment for up to 3 years;
- Prohibition on a type of activity (up to 3 years).
The seriousness of sanctions is related to the importance of the institution of registering people. Children must be registered so that the state can control their movement and protect the rights of minors in the country. So having a residence permit is not only necessary, but also beneficial.
