How to get a plot of land in the Far East - step-by-step instructions 2021

The program to provide a Far Eastern hectare of land is an excellent way to combine something pleasant for a citizen with incredibly useful things for the state. By acquiring ownership of a plot in the Far East, you can open a tourism business, build a house and organize a farm, engage in entrepreneurial activity, and also improve the plot at your discretion. The main condition is that this hectare should not lie as a dead weight, but should be developed and landscaped.

The program has existed since 2021, but recently its scope has expanded significantly, and now you can get a hectare in regions that are more accessible and interesting from a business point of view. Who can participate in this program, what requirements must be met, what is allowed to be done on the allocated land and how to get a Far Eastern hectare in general - we will answer all these questions in as much detail as possible!

When they began to distribute plots in the Far East

Settlers first used the right to receive a hectare of land in the Far East for free in 1861.
Then, after the Amur region and Primorye were annexed to Russia, there was a need for urgent settlement and development of the region. The next distribution of land took place during the years of Stolypin's agrarian reforms (1905) and the first Russian revolution (1917). Resettlement to the Far East was also stimulated during the years of Soviet power, only in a slightly different way - to collective farms, state farms, construction sites, etc. Now the Russian Government is making attempts to repeat the actions of Muravyov-Amursky and Stolypin. An initiative was adopted to distribute land plots to the people for free in the hope of populating the region and stimulating economic activity.

How much land can be obtained in the Far East in 2021

In ancient times, land was distributed to communities at the rate of 100 dessiatines (maximum) per family. The government tithe is approximately 1 hectare. In our time, no one promises such gigantic plots of land, but they will not be distributed to the community, but to individual citizens. Theoretically, a Russian family can receive a total of 10 or even 20 hectares of land over several generations, thus forming a family estate.

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It is clear that we cannot expect an influx of immigrants from the West to the Far East, but for some, the opportunity to receive even one hectare for free may be a reason to start a new life. Otherwise, in 10-20 years the territory will be populated by the Chinese, who can also participate in the program. We will return to other disadvantages of the Far Eastern hectare.

Arctic hectare - new territories for obtaining a plot

In July 2021, in addition to the Far Eastern Hectare, the Arctic Hectare program began to operate. According to it, a land plot can be obtained:

in the Murmansk region;
in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug;
in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug;
certain areas of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Komi Republic, Karelia, Arkhangelsk Region.

The conditions for providing an Arctic hectare will be determined by local authorities.

At the start of the Arctic program and until 2022, only citizens registered in the relevant regions will be able to register a plot of land in the Arctic. From February 2022, the plots will be available to everyone.

Today, 1.1 million hectares in the Arctic are available to those interested. The widest selection is offered in the Murmansk region (767 thousand hectares) and Karelia (339 thousand hectares).

Who will receive land plots in the Far East for free

Land in the Far East will be distributed in accordance with the law “On the specifics of providing land plots in the Far Eastern Federal District.” It is assumed that every citizen of the Russian Federation will be able to receive 1 hectare of land in the vast expanses from Chukotka to Vladivostok. However, not all so simple…

To begin with, those who wish will receive land for use—lease. For 5 years, the user will be obliged to manage his plot in accordance with the category of land and permitted use. After this, a special commission will assess the nature of land use and make a decision on the prospects of transferring land from lease to ownership.

So this law is interesting to those who are ready to take a risk and move, but it is most attractive to residents of the Far East, who do not need to go anywhere. During the time interval, the following persons will be able to apply for a free plot of land:

From June 1, 2021, residents of the Far East will be able to submit an application for a plot in certain municipalities if they have registration in the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation, the Far Eastern Federal District;
From October 1, 2021, residents of the Far East will be able to apply for a land plot located throughout the Far Eastern Federal District in which they are registered;
From February 1, 2021, any citizen of the Russian Federation will be able to submit an application for any plot in any subject of the Far Eastern Federal District.

The program has just been launched, so there are still many people willing to participate. According to the Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Eastern Development, during the first year of the project, more than 109 thousand applications were submitted and 35,262 thousand hectares were issued. More than 43 thousand applicants wish to receive land in the Primorsky Territory, 19.4 thousand in the Republic of Sakha and 16.4 thousand in the Khabarovsk Territory. The smallest number of applications was submitted in Chukotka - only 400 applications.

How can it be used?

The main goal of the program is the development and improvement of lands in the Far East. This means that each applicant must subsequently use the allocated land. But how can this be done? If it is mandatory to submit a corresponding declaration, then there should be some specific criteria by which experts determine whether the site is being operated correctly or not? Such criteria really exist. If you want to register ownership of the plot after the expiration of the contract for free use (or for rent, if we are talking about a forest plot), it is necessary that its operation meets the following requirements:

The presence of a capital construction project on the site, including an unfinished one. Its total area should not be less than 24 square meters. This can be either a personal home or any other facility, including a commercial one.
Also, the correct operation is determined by monetary investments: at least thirty thousand rubles in the chosen direction.
Income from business activities must be at least thirty thousand rubles (if you use the allocated land specifically for business). Income consists of everything you do: services, sales of products, work performed.
Visible results of activities in accordance with the purpose of the land.

All these criteria are reflected in the declaration of use, which you submit three years after receiving the hectare.

How to use the allocated area? Here everything depends on the purpose of the land that is received for use.

If you are registering a forest plot, when choosing a direction of activity, you must be guided by the Forest Code of the Russian Federation. This will mainly involve timber harvesting, as well as other activities permitted by law.
If you receive agricultural land, it will not be possible to use it to build a large industrial facility. But you can organize a farm (including to generate income) and build a house.

There are several activities that you can do on the allocated land:

Construction of a personal home;
Organization of a tourism project;
Organization of agricultural activities;
Entrepreneurial activity;
Arrangement of a summer cottage;
Any other activity permitted by law;

The state has provided interesting support measures for those who plan to take part in this program:

Beginning Farmer Grant;
Grant for the development of a family livestock farm;
Grant to aspiring entrepreneurs to develop their own business;
Preferential loans for those planning to build a private house;
Ready-made business plans, some of which are aimed at organizing children's camps or other interesting projects.

It is important to remember that the owner of a Far Eastern hectare is not exempt from paying taxes: the free period lasts five years during free use. Then, as soon as the corresponding performance results appear, you need to remember about the tax return. Taxation occurs on a general basis and depends on the chosen activity, as well as the cadastral value of the site. Specific tax rates can be found on the official website of the Russian Tax Service.

How to get a hectare for free in the Far East

Step 1 - register on the official website

To get land in the Far East, go to the official website nadalniyvostok.rf and click “Login”. To log in, you need to specify your login and password for the GosUlugi portal. If you have not previously registered with State Services, then go to esia.gosuslugi.ru/registration/ and get access to e-government services. It may take from 10 to 30 days to register and receive an electronic signature.

Step 2 - select a plot of land

After authorization, your personal account page will open. Click “My plot” and select the land plot registered in the cadastral register on the RosReestr map. If the land is owned by public legal entities, the system will automatically prompt you to submit an application for the provision of the site for use.

Here you can also form a group and submit a collective application for a land plot. To form a group, its participants must also be registered on the FIS portal “To the Far East”. The area of the site cannot be more than 10 hectares, and the number of group members must be no more than 10 people.

Step 3 - Apply for

Next, a page of information about the land plot will open: cadastral number, registration date, date of changes in the State Property Code, area and type of permitted use. But the most important thing is that here you can proceed to filling out the application.

After a positive decision, you can begin to draw up documents to transfer the land for use. The authorities promise that this procedure will take no more than a month. However, any experienced agrarian will tell you that to run a subsistence farm, a family of 5 people needs 5 hectares, and to sell something, they need all 10. In this regard, enterprising settlers began to group in groups of 5-10 people with the subsequent transfer of land in favor of one of the participants.

How much land can be registered

The area of land allocated to one person is 1 hectare. But the plot may be smaller than the specified size.

The law does not contain any special requirements for the recipient - land can be registered even for children. Accordingly, a family of three can be allocated 3 hectares.

Citizens can also unite and submit collective appeals (but with a certain limitation - no more than 10 people), as well as use the “Find a Neighbor” function to organize a joint business or settlement.

Problems in obtaining a Far Eastern hectare

According to the information we have collected, in practice, few people manage to get the hectare promised by law. The process consists of several stages and problems arise at each of them.

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Problem #1 - good sites are already occupied

For example, you have chosen an area that is indicated on the map as free. You then collected the necessary documentation and submitted your application, expecting it to be approved as quickly as possible. But the application is rejected because the selected site is already occupied. Similar stories are often found on Internet forums. People are unhappy that they are wasting time sorting out maps and collecting a bunch of documents. And no one explains why the plots were listed as vacant, but in fact were already occupied. They explain everything by map errors, but somehow they are too numerous.

The registration service must offer another one to replace the occupied area, but usually the “replacement” does not meet the initial requirements. The YouTube blogger was given land in an area prone to floods, i.e. In the spring it floods a lot. Areas near children's camps, and even in the territory of garbage dumps, are also allocated.

Local residents of the Far East were granted the right to receive a free hectare earlier (from June 1, 2021). According to information from the Ministry for the Development of the Far East, the number of locals among the total number of residents who submitted applications is 80%. This category of citizens has advantages over residents of the Central region of Russia and Siberia, because they can view the selected site in advance. And for this they do not need an air ticket for 50 thousand or more thousand rubles, like, for example, residents of Moscow.

Problem #2 - maps are not updated

However, even residents of the Far East receive refusals, since there is no information about the status of the plots. But there is still less competition. At this stage, the following obstacles may arise: a person who has finally been given a plot of land goes to settle in and discovers that the plot is already occupied. Moreover, the “first” settlers had already managed to build a house and plant a vegetable garden. Or there are simply greenhouses there, for example, with tomatoes, since this plot was given to the residents of China. And on the RosReestr map the plot is listed as vacant, because the new owners have not yet managed to register it with the cadastral register. As a result, it turns out that according to the map the site is free, but in reality it is occupied.

Problem #3 – failure to meet expectations

The quest to obtain a Far Eastern hectare continues. It seems that the site has been chosen, and it is really free, i.e. There are no other residents or Chinese on it, but on your first visit it turns out that it is not at all what you expected. For example, you wanted to grow crops, but the soil is not suitable for this purpose.

Such situations occur when it is not possible to initially visit the site for inspection. You hope to get good fertile land, but in reality you become the owner of a rocky area on which it is impossible to grow anything, or a deep quarry that was dug out long ago. And here the question arises - what to do with this land? You cannot get another plot; according to the law, a free hectare is issued only once.

End of the contract

It is important, even before the expiration date of the five-year contract for the free use of land, to submit an application for ownership rights or (optional) lease of the site.

Those who choose to rent can apply for the property at any time; this opportunity is recorded with a special button in their personal account.

Applications begin to be accepted six months before the end of the contract.

Forest lands are initially given only for lease.

The ownership application button will become active only after 10 years of lease, that is, 15 years after signing the first contract.

Registration of property rights may be refused only if:

misuse of the provided site will be proven;
it will be proven that the site is not developed.

An interested party can prove this only through court.

Reviews about obtaining a Far Eastern hectare

Participants in the program are forced to file complaints with all authorities, including the Popular Front. According to employees of this public organization, people's appeals are reminiscent of stories about the settlement of America by the first settlers, written by Jack London. Here are several similar letters, the publication of which was approved by the ONF press service:

Elena Koneva wrote that she submitted an application for land in February 2021. The territory was chosen in the Slavyanskoye urban settlement, Primorsky Territory. The application was approved by the Administration, but in June it was found out that this land belongs to hunting grounds. Elena is perplexed how a hunting site can be located on the territory of a settlement, especially since the Ministry of Natural Resources has generally banned hunting in populated areas.
Evgeny Alyakin, who lives in Novosibirsk, wanted to move to the Partizansky district of the Primorsky Territory, so that’s where he chose the hectare. Initially I wanted to register the land through the website, but this turned out to be problematic, so I turned to the district municipality. But there he was sent back to the site. The registration process dragged on for 4 months, and during this time it was suspended and resumed several times, and its boundaries were also clarified several times. As a result, Evgeniy was told that the site he had chosen belonged to the zone of protective forests. To his question “how to choose a site if the data of the municipality and the program website do not match,” he was told that at random! It turns out that having chosen a site at random, you have to wait several weeks, and then it turns out that this territory is occupied. At the same time, the municipality refuses to provide a map with the boundaries of the plots. It turns out that the project is described as attractive and simple, but in reality local officials do not want to help the participants in any way, as if they do not want to give these very plots to anyone.
A letter arrived from the Khabarovsk Territory from Lyudmila Shchekina. In February 2021, she was given land near the village of Yelabuga. But, having arrived there in May of the same year together with a cadastral engineer, I saw people already on this land who were digging up cedars. Moreover, the process was carried out under the leadership of the head of the rural settlement. No one responded to Lyudmila’s demands to stop, and this despite the fact that she was already the owner of this hectare. Moreover, threats of physical harm were made against Shchepkina. As a result, more than 100 cedars were removed from the site. Shchekina tried to initiate a criminal case on this matter. And the Investigative Committee even conducted an inspection. But the investigator openly told her that according to the Constitution, a lot of things are supposed to be free, but it’s not a fact that you will get it.
Tatyana Danilenko from the village of Kutuzovka, which belongs to the Lazovsky district of the Khabarovsk Territory, also sent a letter to the Popular Front. In it, she asked for help, since she was given a hectare where Amur tigers are frequent guests. One of them even ate Tatiana's dog. There was no reaction to her repeated appeals to the administration of the Bichevsky settlement - the tiger catchers did nothing. At the same time, their only answer was that they would deal with tigers only after a person had suffered. Danilenko and her family planned to start farming on a Far Eastern hectare. But, according to local residents, many tigers live in that territory - up to 8 individuals per 50 sq.m. And since these animals are included in the Red Book and are under state protection, the question arises - who will protect people?

Program for a hectare of land “My hectare”: how to register a hectare of land in the Moscow region?

The “My Hectare” project, launched on August 1, 2021, involves the acquisition of land ownership in specially demarcated zones. The goal of the program is to make land accessible, first of all, to residents of the Central regions of Russia, to give them the opportunity to build a dacha and try their own hand at farming, without radically changing their image and place of residence.

To participate in the project you must:

1. Go to the program website https://poselok-pobeda.rf and fill out the electronic form.
2. A specialist from the organizing company will contact you and provide complete information on the project.
3. You can immediately select a site on the website and book it remotely. A reservation agreement is a document that defines a plot, its area, and fixes the cost and terms of the purchase and sale transaction.
4. After booking, the applicant signs the contract and pays the cost.
5. Lawyers of the company organizing the program submit documents to the registration service, and after registration, hand them over to the owner.

Legal support for buyers is an important part of the program, since services for registering land ownership are provided to its participants free of charge.

A noteworthy nuance: land plots can be purchased for yourself or as a gift to family members or other close people. Upon receipt of the documents, ownership rights are transferred to you, i.e. the ability to cultivate, improve land, as well as sell or lease it. There are no restrictions, as in the Far Eastern Hectare project.

Far Eastern hectare for Muscovites

The Rosreestr website published data according to which, as of December 2021, 1,980 applications were submitted from Moscow residents. But later, a third of the applications were canceled by the decision of the applicants themselves. As a result, there were about 1,230 people left who wanted to receive a Far Eastern hectare free of charge.

One of them is Mitya Aleshkovsky, a man who is known in the capital for carrying out various charitable projects. Aleshkovsky, together with Vasily Akimov (entrepreneur and founder of a farming cooperative), decided to create a large business project in the Far East. They planned to install greenhouses and grow tomatoes, which could later be sold to China. To heat the greenhouse, it was decided to use the energy released by cryptocurrency mining equipment - powerful processors specially brought to the Far Eastern hectare. In this case, this equipment would be controlled remotely from Moscow, i.e. The relocation of the creators of this project is not required. This will allow you to earn money in two ways at once - through mining and tomatoes.

To date, no one has yet created such a project. For its implementation, a site was chosen in the Jewish Autonomous Region. With his choice, Aleshkovsky and Akimov visited the Far East last fall, filming the trip on video. Then all these videos were posted on the Internet.

Subsequently, Aleshkovsky gave an interview to MK, in which he spoke in detail about his trip. According to him, all the sites that they liked and were listed on the website as “free” turned out to be occupied or unsuitable. Therefore, he advised not to resort to the services of the official website of the program, but to go directly to the site and select a site there.

The goal of Aleshkovsky and Akimov is not only personal enrichment, but also proof of the theory that even in difficult areas of our country (the Jewish Autonomous Region is considered the most undeveloped in terms of economy) you can achieve success through your own work. They are currently developing 2 business projects: growing tomatoes using Bitcoin mining equipment (“bitmidors”) and producing lactose-free milk. Next, they plan to begin producing environmentally friendly mead from the Far Eastern region.

But the question arises about ensuring the protection of processors and greenhouses. But Aleshkovsky replied that they plan to hire security guards for these purposes. And since there are few jobs in the area, workers will be found quickly. Such confidence is encouraging, but some entrepreneurs near Moscow who learned about this project reacted to it with skepticism.

According to the owner of a greenhouse farm, which is located 100 km from Moscow, it is not worth installing processors in such an area, as they attract many robbers. Entrepreneurs of the Moscow region also explained that to implement a project of such a plan, the following is necessary:

large amounts of money;
experience in implementing similar projects;
know the persons who “control” the territory.

A hectare of land for every Russian: the Far Eastern Hectare and My Hectare programs

Today in Russia there are two programs, the participants of which can receive land plots of 1 hectare or more in ownership.

The first program is a state one, it is called “Far Eastern Hectare”.

The second project is “My Hectare”, it started on August 1, 2021 with the support of the Union of Gardeners of Russia. The organizer of this project is , who has been working in the land segment for more than 10 years.

There are currently no other serious projects under which Russians can obtain land on favorable terms on the territory of the Russian Federation.

“Far Eastern Hectare” and “My Hectare” have their own characteristics and differences, which we will dwell on in more detail.

Far Eastern Hectare Program

The Far Eastern Hectare project gives every resident of Russia the right to receive a free plot of land with an area of no more than 1 hectare. A family of 3 people, accordingly, can count on 3 hectares - these lands can be combined.

Land is allocated in the regions of the Far East; it can be used for the construction of a private house, for business activities or for organizing a farm.

The state allocates plots of land for free use for a period of 5 years - in the 6th year it is already possible to register ownership of them, but only subject to the development of the land and its use for its intended purpose.

The Far East and Siberia have unfavorable conditions for agriculture: the climate is cold, the soil freezes deeply in the cold season, there are few sunny days a year, but there is often strong gusty wind.

Not all areas where land is allocated have good transport links and communications necessary for life or business. In particular, the lack of running water in villages seriously complicates the watering of crops.

Project "My Hectare"

The “My Hectare” project looks more attractive against the backdrop of the “Far Eastern Hectare”. Its participants can receive a plot of 1 hectare or more in the Moscow region (Novorizhskoe Highway, Leningradskoe Highway and other popular destinations), in the Central regions of the country (Tverskaya, Kaluga, Vladimirskaya and other regions).

The land can be used for garden and country house construction, farming or agricultural production.

Plots under this program are conditionally free - from 50 thousand rubles per 1 hectare. This is significantly lower than current market prices. At the same time, Russians immediately receive ownership of them, which is confirmed by relevant documents of the established form.

The central regions of the country have favorable climatic conditions for crop and livestock production. They are located in a zone of temperate continental climate with a clearly defined seasonality, the soils are predominantly sandy loam, and the soil freezes slightly in the cold season.

The only disadvantage of the “My Hectare” program is that the number of plots is limited. Up-to-date information about their availability can be found on the website of the organizer of the “Big Land” campaign.

Expert opinion

Experts noted the following shortcomings of the program for the gratuitous provision of hectares in the Far Eastern region:

For agriculture, one hectare will not be enough. For these purposes, at least 10 hectares are required.
There are few people who want to move to the Far Eastern region, so land is given out not only to Russians, but also to foreign citizens (Chinese).
It is impossible to determine from the map the quality of the land and whether it is suitable for agriculture, so the map needs to be revised.
People need to be given the opportunity to exchange land with each other.

What measures is the state taking?

The authorities recognized these shortcomings as justified, so it was decided to amend the law on extradition of the Far Eastern region. It was also promised to speed up the possibility of privatizing a hectare - not after 5 years as before, but immediately after the construction of a residential building.
The list of territories in which you can select a site will be expanded. It will include priority development areas (TORs). By the way, this list was already expanded last year: it included a geological exploration zone and hunting grounds.
To the listed measures they plan to add a reduced cost of cadastral work that will be carried out on the allocated hectares. Moreover, land owners will be exempt from paying contributions to social funds and personal income tax until 2035.
Judging by the speeches of the officials of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Eastern Development, who are responsible for this project, we can see that they consider its implementation important. In order to increase the flow of immigrants to the Far East, who will invest their funds in the development of this area, they are ready to amend the law and expand the territory.

In addition, at the last meeting of the public council, held on the initiative of the Ministry of Eastern Development, Kachaev said that today there are two ways of resettlement to the Far East: a work program and the relocation of compatriots from abroad. Subsidizing for the relocation of an employee to a specific enterprise previously amounted to 225 thousand rubles. But now an agreement has been concluded with the Ministry of Labor to increase the amount to 1 million. It will be allocated for relocation and adaptation. The same decision was made regarding the program for the resettlement of citizens of our country from abroad. According to Kachaev, such measures will be sufficient until 2021.

Before this, the issue of increasing financial assistance for migrants to the Far East had already been raised by Vyacheslav Shport, who is the head of the Khabarovsk Territory. The “Days of the Far East” program was held in Moscow, within the framework of which Shport stated that he considered it necessary to increase the amount for displaced persons to 1 million, which would make their relocation and adaptation easier. In addition, the head of the Khabarovsk Territory proposed to pay money for all family members of a specialist who moves to the Far Eastern region. Only such a step, in his opinion, will attract a sufficient number of new workers to these regions.

Valentin Timakov, General Director of the Agency for the Development of Human Capital in the Far Eastern Region, also supported the idea of increasing salaries. He sent a proposal to the Ministry of Labor to expand the program of assistance to migrants of the Far East, which includes an increase in the amount of lifting funds. Minister of Social Protection and Labor of the Russian Federation Maxim Topilin clarified that consideration of changes to the employment law and amendments to it are scheduled for the near future.

Hectare of land: projects for Russians

Each project has its advantages. The Far Eastern Hectare project will be of greater interest to those who live beyond the Urals. Some will be attracted by the Siberian climate and the opportunity to grow taiga and Far Eastern plants. In particular, Siberian herbs are an ingredient for pharmaceutical cosmetics and medicines. Or maybe relatives and parents already live in that region, from whom you don’t want to go far. A hectare of land free of charge will be an opportunity for some to improve their living conditions, and for others to start a farming business and organize sales of products in remote areas of the country.

The “My Hectare” project is aimed at people who are more attracted to the Central region of Russia. The purchase of a hectare of land in this project can be regarded as an investment in improving living conditions for your family and as start-up capital for business development. The hectares are located in ecologically clean areas with good prospects. In many villages, work on organizing transport infrastructure and utilities is underway or has been completed. In addition, the topography and climate of Central Russia provides more opportunities not only for crop production, but also for livestock farms. The important factor remains that there is no need to move to a new place of residence. A significant advantage is the location of the land plots within a 1-3 hour drive from Moscow.

What to do in the Far East

So what should immigrants to the Far East do if agriculture is now experiencing difficulties? As an option, we can consider the entertainment industry, namely tourism. But again the question arises - for whom? for local farmers?

It turns out that the main problem awaits the settlers at the end. As a result, it may turn out that the desired hectare will be obtained, but will turn out to be useless, since it is difficult to organize any activity on it.

Over 2 years, 117 thousand applications for land have been submitted, more than 40 thousand plots have already been provided. The most popular among Russians are the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories, Yakutia and the Sakhalin region.

What is allowed to do on the site

You can do business or live on a hectare. The list of permitted uses of the sites includes:

home construction;
doing business;
opening of a tourism project;
farming;
arrangement of a summer cottage, etc.

It is necessary to decide on the type of use of the land plot during the first year; after 3 years, the progress of development must be declared.

For example, tourism projects (including popular active tourism) are being implemented on developed land plots, houses, sports schools, farms, and cheese factories are being built. What to do on earth is decided by the recipient himself, depending on his preferences and starting capital.

On the website of the Far Eastern Hectare program you can get acquainted with success stories and find ready-made business plans that you can use as the basis for your project. Among them there are projects with relatively small investments of 380 thousand rubles. (“Bee Apiary”), and with a starting investment of 33 million rubles. ("Children's camp"). In total, about 40 business plans were proposed.