Gardeners and summer residents who enter the legal field for the first time often have to think about what a plot of individual housing construction, SNT and DNP is.
The answer to this question is provided by the norms of land and construction legislation .
The main difference between the concepts is that individual housing construction is a type of permitted use of a land plot, implying the possibility of constructing a residential building on it.
SNT and DNP are forms of a legal entity , they stand for:
- SNT - gardening non-profit partnership ,
- DNP – dacha non-profit partnership .
The types of permitted use of such areas are usually the following:
- gardening,
- dacha management.
Individual housing construction, SNT and DNP: similarities and differences
All three abbreviations refer to plots of land.
Let's take a closer look at them.
individual housing construction
Any allocated plot of land has a strictly defined purpose of use .
The purpose of individual housing construction is the construction of a residential building.
A land plot with VRI individual housing construction can only be located on the land category “Land of populated areas”.
From the point of view of conducting construction work, this is the most preferable option - obtaining permission to begin construction does not meet with objections from the authorized bodies.
Advantages for owners of housing built on land for individual housing construction:
- The building is assigned an address , which facilitates the subsequent registration of ownership rights to it.
- Permission to register at the place of residence.
- Possibility of carrying out necessary communications and using utilities .
On individual housing construction lands, it is allowed to erect exclusively detached residential buildings, no more than three storeys, in which only members of the same family can live!
Read more on the page “What can be built on private housing construction lands”.
The downsides that can be highlighted are:
- high acquisition cost,
- high cadastral value.
SNT
SNT is one of the forms of garden associations in the form of a partnership.
It is a form of legal entity that does not aim to obtain financial gain .
The plots of land allocated for carrying out activities within the framework of the SNT are located exclusively on agricultural lands.
This limitation determines the advantages and disadvantages of construction activities on the territory of SNT.
However, a significant amount of land occupied by SNT, as a result of the expansion of the territories of cities and towns, was subsequently included in the composition of settlement lands.
Advantages:
- In addition to agricultural activities, the construction of residential and commercial buildings is permitted.
- Low cost of the plot.
- Location in an ecologically clean rural area.
Flaws:
- Additional payment for the provision of utilities and engineering infrastructure.
- Impossibility of registration at the place of residence.
- Difficulties in obtaining a mortgage using a land plot in SNT as a collateral fund .
Registering a building as a full-fledged residential building with the registration authorities is quite difficult, and often impossible. Accordingly, the construction will have a lower price than a similar facility built on settlement lands.
Read more here.
DNP
A dacha non-profit partnership is an association of dacha plot owners .
Unlike the previous category under consideration, the construction of a building on the received land plot is prerequisite .
Let's get acquainted with the advantages of construction on a summer cottage:
- Low estimated value of land due to its lower fertility.
- A plot of land in the DNP can also be allocated on the lands of settlements, which simplifies administrative procedures when registering capital buildings existing on it.
- Possibility of registration at the place of residence.
Flaws:
- Frequent lack of good access roads to the construction site, as well as communications to ensure the uninterrupted process.
- Difficulties with erecting a large capital structure.
- Difficulties in obtaining a mortgage loan with land pledged in DNP.
Any housing built on a summer cottage site does not require technical expertise and approval procedures.
Read about what the category of land affects during summer cottage construction or the construction of a residential building.
Read more about construction on dacha lands in a separate article.
Additional questions
How to find out what can be built on a plot of land? To find the necessary information you need to use the public cadastral map. In the search block for a plot by cadastral number, you need to enter the appropriate values. The characteristics of the land plot will appear in the result window - category and its restrictions, VRI.
Using the information from this article, you will need to determine those types of land plots for building a house that are permitted by law and the VRI that is available, and compare the characteristics.
How to find out whether it is possible to build a house on a plot of land? To do this, you need to contact the head of the administration and the architect of the district if the site has already been purchased.
If the purchase is just planned, it is necessary to request an extract from the register of rights (USRE) with the owner of the land. You can obtain it from Rosreestr by paying the appropriate amount. It will indicate the existing restrictions on the site.
Other forms of dacha associations
In accordance with the norms of current legislation in Russia, there are the following forms of associations of citizens for the purpose of conducting economic activities on the lands of dacha settlements, as well as those allocated for setting up gardens and vegetable gardens:
- Non-profit partnership.
- Consumer cooperative.
- Non-commercial partnership.
Land for gardening associations is allocated from agricultural lands and settlement lands.
Similar to garden plots, in addition to conducting agricultural activities:
- growing vegetables,
- melons,
- berry growers,
- potatoes,
There is the possibility of erecting a small garden house and buildings for household needs.
In some cases, the construction of buildings on areas for gardening is prohibited. Before starting construction, check with the authorities regarding the type of permitted use of the site.
Where you can't build a house
According to legal regulations, not all areas located in the field are suitable for construction.
It is prohibited to build houses on the coastline near rivers and lakes. In some cases, the exclusion zone can be 200 m. Any restriction of free access to the shore can be interpreted as a violation of the law and punishable by a fine and the demolition of the building itself.
Can and cannot be legitimized Source znamyuzl.ru
Differences between lands for individual housing construction and for conducting dacha or gardening activities
We will conduct a comparative analysis of various types of land plots in order to clearly demonstrate how individual housing construction lands differ from SNT and DNP. We will also include here no less popular gardening associations.
We present the obtained data in the following table:
| Index | individual housing construction | DNP | SNT | Vegetable gardening association |
| Land group | settlement lands | agricultural land, settlement lands | agricultural land, settlement land | agricultural land, settlement land |
| Permitted activities | construction of a residential building and outbuildings | construction of a country house, setting up a garden and vegetable garden | growing agricultural crops, building a garden house | cultivation of vegetables and fruit and berry products, construction of only non-capital economic buildings |
| What can be built | residential house + outbuildings the buildings; more details | residential house of dacha type + outbuildings the buildings; more details | small building + outbuildings the buildings; more details | small building + outbuildings the buildings; more details |
| The need to draw up design documentation and its approval | Yes | No | No | No |
| Availability of engineering and utility infrastructure facilities | Yes | rarely | rarely | rarely |
| Registration at the place of residence | Yes | yes, if located within a populated area | No | No |
| Comparative Cost | high | low | low | low |
This table briefly characterizes the lands of SNT and individual housing construction and what is the difference between them.
When purchasing a plot of land, first decide on the main purpose for which you intend to use it.
Nuances of construction on lands for various purposes
Areas used for construction work may not be connected to electrical power, which will make it difficult to carry out operations involving the use of electrical equipment.
Areas within populated areas do not have this disadvantage.
If you intend to electrify a future construction site, you will have to obtain the consent of the remaining members of the association of which you are a member.
The work will be carried out at your expense.
A non-residential building on SNT or individual housing construction lands that is not intended for private economic activity cannot be built. An exception may be buildings necessary to support the activities of SNT.
The construction of a house in a holiday village is a prerequisite , since the construction of a vegetable garden is not the only purpose for providing a land plot.
Innovations in legislation exclude from the law such concepts as dacha cooperatives and partnerships. From 2021, the development of land occupied by these associations will take place according to new rules.
The problem is supposed to be solved by re-registering dacha associations as horticultural associations and acquiring horticultural status for the constructed real estate.
Possibility of changing the category and VRI of the land plot
In order to legitimize a building located on land unsuitable for its placement, or to prevent possible troubles at the planning stage of construction work, lawyers recommend transferring the site from agricultural land to settlement land.
You should first find out the category of your land plot; the easiest and fastest option is by cadastral number.
In the same way, you can find out the VRI of your land.
Next, you will need to obtain permission to conduct construction.
The corresponding petition is submitted for consideration to the authorized government bodies.
A substantiated application will be considered by officials within two months.
Additionally, you may be required to provide documents confirming the right to use the site and the real estate located on it.
A positive decision is made in the case when the urban planning documentation of a given territory provides for the possibility of developing the site .
The act issued to the applicant is the basis for applying to the Rosreestr authorities to make changes to the land cadastre.
If a reasoned refusal is received, the applicant has the right to appeal the decision in court.
In the case where the land plot is located on the lands of populated areas, changing the type of permitted use may also help. On plots located on agricultural land, please note that not all agricultural land plots are suitable for construction.
Limit dimensions
Article 11.9 of the Land Code determined that the minimum and maximum dimensions of a plot are established by local town planning regulations .
This is also confirmed by Article 38 of the Town Planning Code, which states that, among other things, town planning regulations must contain:
- Limit sizes of allotment;
- Minimum setback from the property line to the building (house, barn, garage, etc.);
- Maximum number of floors (heights) of the building;
- Possible percentage of development of the site.
That is, the maximum and minimum sizes of plots are established by the administration in charge of these lands. This could be the administration of a village, the administration of a city, the administration of an entire subject of the Russian Federation, etc.
Most often, only the minimum plot size ; it makes no sense to determine the maximum, since one person can purchase several plots at once, thereby doubling their area.
Taking into account the requirements put forward by the main regulatory documents (SNiP, fire service requirements), the minimum area of the garden plot is 3 acres . This area allows you to move the house to the required distance from the neighboring plot and from the road.
conclusions
The most hassle-free way to build housing is to use land for individual housing construction . All issues related to such construction are quickly resolved within the legal framework.
The most attractive option in terms of price for the acquisition or construction of country and country real estate - DNP, has a drawback - difficulties with registration of registration, which, however, can be solved with a certain amount of perseverance.
After reading this article, you can decide which is more suitable for your purposes: individual housing construction land or SNT.
