Installation of a trade pavilion: from documents to installation

From this article you will learn:

• How to obtain permission to install a trade pavilion
• Is it possible to install a trade pavilion on your own land?
• What equipment is required for a trade pavilion?
• What organizational issues need to be resolved when opening a trade pavilion?
• What are the stages of installation of a trade pavilion?

Owning your own business is a dream come true for most people. Quite often, entrepreneurs choose trading in consumer goods as their main activity. To open such a business, you need to have a well-equipped place. Installing a retail pavilion is not as simple a procedure as it might seem at first glance. In this article we will describe in detail all stages of this process.

How to obtain permission to install a trade pavilion

To open a business in the field of trade in consumer goods, you will need a certain set of documents and equipment that allows you to keep records of sales and profits.

To start doing business you will need:

• certificate of registration of individual entrepreneurial activity;
• documents permitting trade in a certain group of goods, giving the right to install a trade pavilion;
• pavilion (or kiosk);
• a cash register registered with the tax service and other trading equipment;
• workers (sellers, loaders, etc.).

To make the entire process of opening a trade pavilion clear, we will describe it point by point. To get started, register as a business entity. Owners of trade pavilions usually become individual entrepreneurs (IP), which gives them the opportunity to use a simplified taxation system.

After you have received a certificate of an individual entrepreneur, contact the local government authorities at your place of registration to obtain permission to install a trade pavilion. Similar permission must be obtained from the architecture department.

Having two permits in hand, go to the city trade department and register as an individual entrepreneur. This is only the first stage of the procedure. Next, you need to go to Rosstat and the Pension Fund for registration with the subsequent issuance of permits. At the same time, contact the TFOMS to obtain an insurance contract.

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As practice shows, it does not take much time to collect all the documents. If you organize everything wisely, then you will need from a week to a month for this. While you are waiting for answers from all authorities, start looking for a good place to place your kiosk.

The next step should be the design of the pavilion itself. First you need to buy a ready-made kiosk or assemble it yourself (you may need the services of carpenters). This must be done in accordance with the requirements of the permitting documents, including the timing and location of installation.

After installing the pavilion, make a request to call representatives of the fire inspectorate and Rospotrebnadzor. They will assess the possible risks and issue certificates that should be attached to other permitting documents. In large cities, a kiosk can be rented from the local municipality, which will allow the budding entrepreneur to save some money from the initial investment.

This approach may be the best option for businessmen with small capital. In addition to the fact that you will save on the construction or purchase of a pavilion, you will not need to obtain any additional documents to put the kiosk into operation. In addition, you can rent a stall with already installed communications. Such kiosks are located separately or included in a building, for example, a shopping center (shopping center). In the second option, the lessor will be the administration of the building in which you decided to rent a pavilion.

That is why it is easier and more logical to start by renting a kiosk in shopping centers. In addition to all the amenities for employees (availability of communications and heating), you will significantly increase the level of security. And the number of visitors to the shopping center is incomparably greater.

It is worth mentioning some of the disadvantages of the pavilion rental option. For example, you may not like the location of the stall, but the rental price is approximately the same as a similar pavilion located in a more favorable location. In the long term, you can try to buy the kiosk from the owners. The fair price is calculated based on the capacity of the location and the average profit per month.

How to register a seasonal business

In fact, the same as non-seasonal. Decide on the organizational and legal form and submit an application for registration. For seasonal business, simpler forms are more often suitable:

• Individual entrepreneur. The most convenient form of organizing a business, even if you work not alone, but with employees. Fast registration, exemption from accounting and ease of tax calculations (of course, unless you are an extreme person who chooses a general system, which is unlikely). Mandatory payment of insurance contributions to the pension fund. Suitable for businesses such as: inflatable and mobile children's attractions, rental of boats, bicycles, etc., mobile cafes and food stalls on the beaches, sale of Christmas trees and pyrotechnics, rental of carnival costumes and others.
• Self-employed. Suitable for those who independently sell goods of their own production, provide services themselves and earn no more than 2.4 million per year. There is no reporting and ease of tax payment. There is no mandatory payment of insurance premiums. Great for those who make decorations or souvenirs with their own hands, bake cakes and gingerbreads, grow flowers or sell products from their garden.

Entrepreneurs can submit reports through the Astral Report 5.0 service. It’s easy to understand, the service’s interface is very convenient and intuitive, and hints will help when filling out reports.

Mandatory equipment for a trade pavilion

Having fulfilled all the requirements and rules for installing a trade pavilion, start arranging it. It is necessary to import equipment that will allow the retail outlet to perform its main function - to sell and make a profit. Each entrepreneur makes his own decision on the list of necessary equipment that needs to be purchased.

But there is also a mandatory list that you can’t do without:

• a cash register registered with the tax office;
• metal safe for storing cash;
• heater for the cold season;
• oven, refrigeration equipment or other household appliances (depending on the type of activity).

Do you also need an electronic signature?

An electronic digital signature replaces a regular signature. Many entrepreneurs use electronic document management in which digital signature is simply necessary.

New electronic document management service from Astral.EDO.

In seasonal trading, you also cannot do without an electronic digital signature. At a minimum, to register an online cash register you will need a digital analogue of your signature.

EDS is needed to work with marked goods, for example, ice cream. After all, the exchange of documents during marking occurs electronically.

A director or entrepreneur can obtain an electronic signature from the Federal Tax Service free of charge.

If you need several signatures - for employees, then they will have to obtain them from special certification centers. Please note that although the digital signature itself is issued to the Federal Tax Service free of charge, in order to receive it, you need to come with your carrier. You need to purchase the media yourself. A regular flash drive will not work for this purpose! The Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation has excluded the possibility of recording a qualified certificate on a regular flash drive.

Buy an electronic digital signature Astral-ET from 900 rubles.

Organizational nuances of the trade pavilion

The installation of a trade pavilion in the city from scratch does not end here. Organizational issues still need to be resolved. This includes recruiting employees, determining the operating hours of a retail outlet, and creating an assortment. As a rule, finding staff is not difficult. The main selection criteria are skills in working with a cash register and experience in retail.

It should be noted that workers in the food industry must have a health certificate. Opening hours depend on the location of the pavilion. Most often, the work shift lasts from 8:00 to 20:00.

Each entrepreneur decides for himself what salary to assign to his employees. The main thing is to understand that the level of payment must correspond to the market average, otherwise it will be difficult to find and retain an employee. For example, workers at trade stalls in Moscow receive about 20 thousand rubles per month.

Important! You should remember the need to annually re-register documents for the right to own a trade pavilion. If you miss the specified deadlines, you will face quite serious troubles.

In some cases, trading kiosks are open 24 hours a day. As a rule, these are retail outlets on major highways with a large flow of people. In addition, round-the-clock work will be justified in nightclubs, gas stations and other establishments operating in this mode.

Which format should I choose?

The street food scene is very diverse, so you need to stand out from potential competitors.
So, you can start selling healthy fast food for those who count calories, or vegetarian food for those who don’t eat meat. Don’t forget about such popular street food formats as cotton candy, boiled corn or caramel popcorn, but when opening such points, take into account the seasonality of their work. The owner of the PiCono pizzeria Alexander Potekhin believes:

First, analyze the competitor market in the location where you are going to open a point. Think about what your potential customers are missing: if there is already a burger joint nearby, then it might be worth opening an outlet with fresh baked goods and coffee to go. Remember that your competitive advantage may be the unusual presentation of the dish, for example, colored burger buns, the use of unusual sauces and ingredients. On this you can build a PR campaign for your establishment.

The owner of mobile coffee shops “Coffee with Cookies” Adelina Mikhailova advises:

At the start-up stage, it is very important to receive feedback from your customers, understand which items are the most popular on the menu, and what is best excluded from sales, so try to work behind the counter yourself for the first time. This will allow you not only to establish a connection with a potential buyer, but also to win him over.

The owner of Voodoocoffee coffee-to-go outlets, Yuri Prokhorov, recommends:

Do not load the outlet with fast, perishable products, otherwise you will write off 90% of the assortment every day. Concentrate on deep-frozen products with a long shelf life, but do not forget about the correct temperature regime. Focus on your idea/product and sell exactly what you consider to be your driver!

Installation of a trade pavilion on your own land

Any private plot of land has a strictly defined purpose: for residential construction or for agriculture. Installation of a retail pavilion in the local area requires the availability of permits from the local administration. The land plot under the stall must be designated for commercial use. Therefore, you won’t be able to just pick up and set up a trading kiosk on the ground near your house. This would be illegal and could result in serious litigation.

By building a trading stall on agricultural land, you will violate the requirements of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Article 222). In essence, such an object is an unauthorized construction.

From a legal point of view, the intended purpose of agricultural land is fixed by law, therefore there cannot be permitting documents for any buildings on such a site. If the installation of a retail pavilion on the local area has already taken place, you still will not have ownership rights to this object, and the building itself will need to be demolished (according to paragraph 2, article 222 of the Civil Code). It will also not be possible to resolve the situation in court, since the purpose of the site does not correspond to the erected building. It will not be possible to obtain ownership of a building this way.

In addition, the legislation stipulates strict sanctions regarding non-use (or misuse) of agricultural land. For example, soil pollution caused by construction work or other violations lead to administrative and criminal liability (in the form of penalties).

Where is it written that you cannot trade freely on the street, and what is the fine?

Any place on the street belongs to someone: the city itself or a commercial organization - a store, shopping center, market, hostel.
From commercial organizations, the space for the outlet is subleased. As a rule, this is a small area next to the porch. For example, bicycle rentals are located at the entrance to the hostel. To do this, negotiate payment with the owner and sign an agreement. This is a matter of agreement between two entrepreneurs. They do the same thing to get a place in the market.

But most of the attractive places on the street belong to the municipality. These are embankments, central streets and parks. Free trade in such places is prohibited. For example, for Moscow this is stated in Art. 4 of the Law of December 9, 1998 No. 29.

In order to legally trade on the street, they negotiate with the local administration. There are two options according to Art. 10 and 11 381-FZ:

— Rent space for a non-stationary retail facility in a specially designated area. This way you can set up a tent or tray for a long time;

- Buy a place at the fair. This is a trade format from time to time, because fairs operate sporadically and also in strictly designated places.

City authorities are struggling with spontaneous trade. The police and administration officials organize raids and check points based on people's complaints. If caught, they will issue a fine - the amount is prescribed in the local law on administrative offenses. In Moscow, the fine for trading in the wrong place is from 2,500 to 500,000 rubles under Art. 11.13 Code of Administrative Offenses of Moscow. Here are real examples:

The entrepreneur provided mobile tire fitting services from his car. Officials from the district government found out about this and fined him 2,500 rubles - case No. A40-95352/2019.

An entrepreneur sold coffee from a car. The police came to him and issued him a fine of 2,500 rubles - case No. 7-1533/2018.

A woman was selling clothes in an underground subway passage. She was caught by a police patrol and fined 5,000 rubles - case No. 7-14728/2019.

A good choice is a trade pavilion made of sandwich panels

A retail kiosk can have a variety of architectures. As a rule, these are simple budget buildings of a rectangular shape. But even such a structure can be distinguished from others with the help of decorative elements that signify a certain specialization of the business. Pharmacy, newspaper, souvenir, flower, grocery and other kiosks are located in cities. To somehow highlight the pavilion, it can be made two-color (using panels of colors that match each other) or decorated with decorative elements: drawings, patterns, inscriptions or individual glass blocks, etc.

The size of the trading stall area is determined according to traffic forecasts. For example, a pavilion for selling flowers or a pharmacy stall can be made small - up to 20 m². If you plan to install a trade pavilion for selling food products, then a large area will be required - from 30 m² or more.

As a rule, the pavilion frame is sheathed with corrugated sheets or sheet steel at the assembly site. But there are also options with ready-made cladding in the form of lining or edged boards.

In the second case, the appearance of the finished kiosk will be much more attractive, which justifies its higher cost. There are also budget options on sale with sheathing made of OSB panels. This material requires additional installation of hydro- and vapor barriers and covering the façade with one of the available finishing options: clapboard, siding or corrugated sheeting.

Installing a trade pavilion made of sandwich panels is quite simple. Reinforced concrete slabs are laid on the prepared plot of land using the necessary construction equipment. They are placed in a checkerboard pattern, and the gaps are filled with polyurethane foam.

In some cases, retail kiosks are mounted on inexpensive columnar foundations. To do this, cylindrical holes are dug along the perimeter of the planned building at a certain distance from each other, the depth of which should be below the freezing level of the soil. Next, the bottom of these holes is covered with sand and crushed stone, formwork is made from roofing felt and a frame is made from reinforcement. After this, the formwork is filled with concrete.

When the construction of the foundation is completed, perform the following steps:

1. The frame of the walls and roof is mounted next to the foundation.
2. A metal frame (bottom trim frame) is welded along the top of the part of the foundation protruding from the ground.
3. The assembled wall frame is mounted on the lower frame.
4. The assembled rafter system is installed.

The next stage is attaching the sandwich panels to the frame using self-tapping screws. Work begins from the corners of the frame. After this, the floor covering (tiles, linoleum, boards, etc.), windows and doors are installed.

The installation of a trade pavilion is usually made of steel elements. Individual parts of the frame can be attached by welding or in the form of prefabricated units. The sheathing for installation of sandwich panels can be made of timber. This option is justified when there is a forest nearby or the price of the material is low. The assembly of such a frame occurs using steel angles and self-tapping screws.

If you want to build a kiosk from sandwich panels yourself, then take into account some of the features of such structures. For example, metal parts used in construction must be treated with anti-corrosion agents. If a wooden beam is used as a frame, then its entire surface should be covered with antifungal and fire-resistant agents.

Selecting a sales location

Experts recommend setting up stalls in enclosed spaces, for example, in shopping centers. This way, the staff will be safe, and engineering communications will be nearby. If you decide to open a stall in an open area, you need to be careful when selecting a site. It is recommended to install kiosks in places where there is a constant flow of potential buyers. It is advantageous to place a kiosk in close proximity to residential buildings, near educational institutions or metro stations. To place a kiosk, an area of ​​6 to 8 m² is required.

It is necessary to conduct a market analysis and study the range of nearby retail outlets. You need to determine the advantages and disadvantages of competitors, and also evaluate whether the new outlet can compete with them. You shouldn’t rule out the possibility that you’ll have to look for a new place where there will be fewer stalls and mini-shops.

Costs of opening a stall

To calculate the approximate cost of starting a kiosk trading business, you need to know the price of not only the equipment. Approximate calculation:

1. Purchasing or building a new kiosk or pavilion will cost from 35 to 110 thousand rubles.
2. Purchase of scales and refrigeration equipment - up to 13 thousand rubles.
3. A cash register registered with the tax office costs about 7 thousand rubles.
4. Preparation of documents independently or with the help of professionals - from 10 to 100 thousand rubles.
5. Staff remuneration is up to 120 thousand rubles per year per employee and more.

As a result, to open your own stall, you will need an amount from 180 to 350 thousand rubles.

A kiosk is a profitable business. Typically, costs are recouped in a period of 2 to 6 months. It all depends on how well the business plan is drawn up. The location of the outlet, the assortment of goods, their type and demand for it are also important. If the kiosk is open around the clock, the revenue will be higher.

Buying or renting a stall

Once all the documents are ready, you can start looking for a stall or pavilion. You can buy ready-made designs or hire people who will do everything from scratch. A stall or pavilion must comply with all standards established by law. After installation, you need to obtain certificates from the fire inspection and Rospotrebnadzor . You can not only buy a kiosk, but also rent it from the municipality. In this case, it will be possible to significantly reduce financial costs. There is no need to spend money on installation and purchase of a new pavilion; in a finished building, all communications are usually connected. You can also open a kiosk on the territory of any building. For example, they are convenient for locating a metro station or a shopping center. In order to open a stall in such a place, you need to enter into a lease agreement with the owner.

Renting also has several downsides. The location may not be so convenient. Some owners demand too high rent.