Water, electricity, gas - all this is necessary for people to live comfortably in houses and apartments. Payment for these resources is mandatory, but many people do not understand the abbreviations found on utility bills.
In the context of a constant increase in tariffs, the number of questions arising in this regard is becoming more and more, and errors in calculations are becoming more common, so every payer should know the definitions of the main abbreviations, which will be given in this article.
How to measure the amount of resources consumed
Consumed resources can be measured in two ways:
- collective - when meters are installed to calculate electricity, water, gas or heat for an apartment building as a whole, with subsequent division of readings in equal shares depending on the number registered in a given living space;
- using IPU - an individual meter is installed in a separate apartment. As a result, residents pay only for actually used resources according to established tariffs.
With the collective accounting method, the consumer is forced to pay his share, regardless of his own consumption volumes. Even if no one lived in the apartment for some time, this does not relieve the obligation to pay and does not reduce the size of the invoice.
When using an IPU, the payer has the opportunity to independently influence the amount of payment by saving resource consumption.
Decoding the abbreviations in the housing and communal services receipt for heating. KPU, IPU - what is it?
Water, electricity, gas - all this is necessary for people to live comfortably in houses and apartments. Payment for these resources is mandatory, but many people do not understand the abbreviations found on utility bills.
In the context of a constant increase in tariffs, the number of questions arising in this regard is becoming more and more, and errors in calculations are becoming more common, so every payer should know the definitions of the main abbreviations, which will be given in this article.
Installation procedure
Individual metering devices are installed by resource suppliers. To do this, the consumer needs to prepare a corresponding application to the city gas, water utility or energy supply with the corresponding request.
Upon request, a specialist from the organization will be sent to install the meter. The device is purchased by the consumer independently or offered by the company, with the subsequent submission of an invoice to compensate for the cost of the product.
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How to choose an IPU
The modern market offers customers a huge selection of different meters for all types of resources, both domestic and foreign production. When choosing a product, the following circumstances must be taken into account:
- purpose of the device - when choosing a water meter for an individual apartment, consumption indicators, degree of protection, nominal diameter and connection of fittings, and other installation dimensions are taken into account. When selecting an electric meter, you should pay attention to the characteristics of the electrical network, the total power of the household appliances involved to ensure compliance with the permissible parameters of the device. A similar analysis is necessary for IMP for measuring other resources;
- passing certification in Russia for compliance with safety requirements and metrological standards - if the product has not passed the specified procedure, its use on the territory of the Russian Federation is not permitted;
- degree of measurement accuracy - these data are indicated in the IPU passport;
- standard service life - the longer this indicator, the longer the device will last and you will not have to spend money on purchasing a new meter to replace the old one;
- frequency of verification - depending on the design, workmanship and other factors, the manufacturer sets a period after which the product must be verified by an accredited organization. The specified work is carried out at the expense of the consumer and in most cases is associated with the need to dismantle the device in order to submit it to a calibration company, therefore it is in the interests of the owner to choose a device with a long verification period.
The price of the product plays an important role. But before making the final choice of a device, it is recommended to first consult with a representative of the relevant utility organization so that the purchased product meets the necessary requirements and there are no problems in the future regarding the possibility of its use.
How to choose a gas meter:
How to choose an electricity meter:
How to choose a water meter:
CALCULATIONS ACCORDING TO INDIVIDUAL METERING DEVICES
How is water consumption calculated using common household meters?
If you look rationally, this is what happens: according to the rate, 384 liters (0.384 tons) of water per day are supplied per person, of which 164 liters of hot + 220 liters of cold water. Per month, respectively, 11,520 liters (11.5 tons of water), which is almost impossible to use up!
From the total consumption recorded by such a meter, the following are subtracted:
— volume of water consumed in non-residential premises;
— the volume of water spent for general house needs;
— water consumption recorded by individual metering devices.
The initial result is distributed in equal shares among water consumers registered in an apartment building, in the absence of IPU.
In this case, the water consumption for common house needs is recorded by a separate meter, but if there is no such meter, then the water consumption for common house needs is recognized as equal to 5% of the readings of the common house meter. Accounting for utilities and resources used for general house needs (maintenance of common property inside the house and maintenance of the local area) is maintained by the management organization or the HOA, housing cooperative, residential complex or other specialized consumer cooperative created in an apartment building, which provides this information to the GU IS.
It is very convenient that special boxes are designed for receiving readings from individual metering devices from the population, which are available in each GU IS of the district (EIRC). In addition, testimonies can be sent to employees of the district's Main Information Department via fax, Internet, or by telephone.
Many of them give discounts on the installation of meters, some allow you to pay in installments.
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It is important to know what list of works an organization must perform to install a water meter:
1. Preliminary inspection of plumbing equipment for possible installation and filming with a digital camera for information processing by an engineer in the office.
2. Installation of two meters for hot and cold water.
H. Installation of a mounting assembly of 10-14 elements.
4. Installation of coarse water filters and check valves.
5. Checking the functionality and sealing of meters and filters.
An application for installation of a water meter must be submitted to the organization that manages your apartment building. Be sure to check whether a common house meter is installed in your home, and what type of water meter is suitable for you. Next, write a statement, this will be the basis for drawing up an agreement between the management organization and the resident (consumer) on the procedure for paying for water, according to the readings of individual metering devices. At this stage, you should familiarize yourself with the rights and responsibilities that arise when installing an IPU.
Before installing metering devices, repair, replace or install taps that shut off the water supply to the apartment. To do this, you need to contact the management organization.
Ask the employees of the organization that manages your apartment building about the organization that installed the IPU in your house, or find out from your neighbors who installed metering devices in their homes. Choose a trusted organization, preferably one whose services have been used by friends or neighbors. Don't rush to install them yourself. According to the rules, this must be done by a certified organization.
Depending on the type of utility networks (one or two common risers), one or two pairs of devices are installed in each apartment. In the vast majority of apartments. The warranty on work and equipment is usually two years.
WHAT IS MAINTENANCE AND HOW MUCH DOES IT COST?
The tariff for maintenance of two meters per year is 360 rubles. (15 rubles/month for one device).
Maintenance includes the following work:
HOW TO START PAYING ON YOUR ACCOUNT?
Older people will save significantly; they use much less water. At a rate of 10 m3, they can sometimes use less than 1 m3 per month. Naturally, they will have to pay less. And there are families in which there is excessive water consumption per person. But in any case, you only pay for the water that you or your family consumes. The choice is yours!
Source
How is the payment amount calculated?
The consumer can independently calculate the amount to pay. The calculation is made using the following formula:
Sp = (Pt – Pp)*T
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wherein:
- Sp – payment amount;
- Pt – current readings of the IPU;
- Pp – previous readings;
- T – tariff assigned for a specific region for a given type of resource.
When taking readings, leading zeros and the fractional value of the consumed volume are not taken into account (fractional values are located after the decimal point or period). It is necessary to limit yourself to a five-digit number, even if the readings represent a larger number of digits of an integer value.
For example:
- You need to write out the readings located in the green frame (at the beginning and end of the month);
- Find the difference (end of month - (minus) beginning of month);
- Multiply the tariff (electricity, gas or water) by the difference.
What is thermal energy in the housing and communal services bill?
This term refers to the cost of heating cold water. It was already mentioned above that the calculation of hot water supply consists of two parts, one of which includes such a value as “thermal energy”.
The amount to pay for this service is calculated taking into account the following components:
- thermal energy tariff;
- expenses required to maintain a centralized hot water supply system;
- cost of thermal energy loss in pipelines;
- costs necessary to transport hot water.
The amount of thermal energy is determined based on general house values.
Now, after reading this article, you don’t have to worry about utility bills, because you know how the standard abbreviations stand: KPU, IPU, ODN, Gcal, ODPU, DPU.
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When IPU readings are taken, the control procedure
IPU readings must be taken monthly, no later than the 25th (Also read: What happens if you forgot to transfer readings from the water meter). For control, the data is transferred to the utility organization. The method of transmission depends on the conditions for a particular locality. It is possible to provide information:
- telephone call;
- through the company website;
- by email;
- by paper message;
- direct control by a representative of the utility organization;
- through the State Services portal.
Methods of transmitting readings for the city - Moscow
- Unified service department -.
- Mobile application - downloaded from the official website.
- City service portal – Login to your personal account.
Modern devices offer the function of remote data transfer. In this case, information about the consumed volume of resources, in parallel with the display on the device’s dial, is transmitted to a third-party device of the centralized control system.
The process occurs without the participation of the consumer and eliminates the need for him to provide monthly data or provide access to the apartment for a representative of the utility company.
Installing an IPU is the right choice for the consumer, allowing you to significantly reduce utility bills.
