Free land from the state: a myth or a gift of fate?

Schemes for obtaining land from the state

Participation in auction or rental

1. In the first option, the interested person must independently find a plot that is not encumbered and not registered in the cadastral register. You must order a certificate from the land surveyor stating that there are no buildings on the area you like.
2. Then you need to write an application for the provision of a plot of land to the local government authorities on whose territory the property is located. They will require the site to be registered and geodetic work carried out. All costs are borne by the applicant.
3. Next, an auction is held. Information about it is published in local media and on the Internet 30 days before the auction. If there are no more people willing to participate in the auction, the applicant receives the auction protocol and can draw up a lease agreement.
4. If the individual wins the auction, he or she enters into a lease agreement for the site with the local administration. The maximum term is 49 years. The rental period is determined individually in each individual case.
5. It is possible to bypass the auction. This applies to construction sites. When agreeing on the location of the building, the relevant authorities can lease the land without an auction.

To do this, the applicant must:

• find a plot of land yourself or use the services of realtors;
• contact local authorities. Write an application with your request and approval of the location of the future building;
• register the site with the cadastral register and provide a boundary plan;
• wait for the decision of the special commission;
• upon approval, enter into a lease agreement.

In this case, the term of the lease relationship is determined by the time required to construct the structure. If the tenant violates this condition, then local governments have the right to terminate the contract or increase the rent. They must notify the other party of any decision at least three months in advance.

The tenant has a priority preferential right to purchase the land after the facility is put into operation. The maximum cost of such a plot is 2.5% of the cadastral value of the land. In fact, the tenant acquires ownership “for pennies.”

Queuing

A proven way to get land from the state for free in Russia is to register in the queue. Naturally, you will have to wait a very long time and constantly present documents confirming the right to receive the property. But there is a category of persons who have privileges when receiving land. This list includes:

• large families;
• low-income citizens who are on a waiting list for improved housing conditions;
• participants of the Second World War and persons equivalent to them;
• disabled children;
• young specialists in the field of healthcare, culture, agriculture, working in rural areas for at least five years;
• persons awarded orders and awards of the USSR and Russia;
• military personnel and members of his family, in cases of death of the breadwinner.

The list varies depending on the subject of the federation. It is longer for the Krasnodar Territory and the Novosibirsk Region, and for the regions of the Northwestern Federal District it is shorter. Let's figure out how to get land from the state for free in the Leningrad region.

How can Russians get plots of land for almost nothing?

Preferential categories of citizens

According to lawyers, beneficiaries have the right to receive land plots from the state (free of charge). At the federal level - persons awarded state awards. It is clarified that these are plots of 25 acres in rural areas or 8 acres - but in an urban settlement. And in the regions, participants in combat operations, war veterans, large families, and liquidators of the Chernobyl accident have grounds to receive land for various needs. Land is often provided to young professionals who decide to work in villages - teachers, doctors, agronomists.

Each region has its own rules and procedure for obtaining a plot. For example, in the Novosibirsk region in rural areas, plots are provided for vegetable gardening and horticulture, individual housing construction, private plots and dacha construction - Heroes of the Russian Federation, Heroes of the Soviet Union, full holders of the Order of Labor Glory, etc. There is such an opportunity for specialists under 35 years of age who work in education, healthcare, agriculture (and agricultural production), culture. The plots are offered to pensioners who have been registered at their place of residence in a rural settlement for at least 5 years.

Land or money

Large families (those raising three or more minor children) can also count on a plot. However, since October last year, instead of a plot, you can receive a one-time cash payment. The fact is that not every region has enough land in circulation, or the plots may be located far from transport interchanges. Often there are no communications and engineering networks necessary for comfortable living of families with small children. That's why the queue is slow, people wait for several years.

PapaSer

“When we applied for a plot for a large family (Nizhny Novgorod region), the administration warned us: “The queue is slow, because... We have the right to issue plots only after the infrastructure has been prepared.” We were in no hurry. We received the plot after 2.5 years - but in fact everything was there. And an asphalt road, and networks along the street, including gas. In general, respect."

In Moscow, large families are offered payments for the construction or purchase of housing. But compensation, as a lawyer from one of the agencies emphasized, is due only to those families who are registered as needing improved housing conditions. The Moscow region provides free plots of land to families with many children.

How does the process work?

To clarify what benefits and conditions apply in a certain region or locality, it is recommended to contact local authorities or the MFC. If a person belongs to a preferential category of citizens (who are entitled to a plot of land), he is asked to submit an application and attach the required documents (the package may vary depending on the preferential category, region and other factors). If the grounds are recognized as valid, then the applicant gets into the queue. And you have to wait for her to come. Then they will invite you to inspect the site. If the property is satisfactory, an agreement is concluded with the local administration and ownership is formalized.

Lawyers emphasize that in a number of regions it is indeed possible to obtain land for free (for agriculture and territorial development). In the Stavropol Territory and Krasnodar Territory. But regardless of the region, it is worth carefully studying the proposed land plot - it happens that it is a swampy area.

To the Far East

We are talking about the “Far Eastern Hectare” program, which allows you to get a hectare of land in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Amur Region, Sakhalin, Magadan, Primorsky Territory and other regions of the Far East. By the way, the scope of the bill is constantly expanding - only recently two more districts of the Trans-Baikal Territory were included. You can get one hectare for one person, even for a baby.

The plot is provided for free use for 5 years, and the plot can be used for building a house, various economic activities, developing tourism, agriculture (growing various crops, beekeeping, etc.). After this period, the land is registered as property. At the end of this year, the federal program was merged with the Far Eastern Mortgage. That is, if there are no funds for the construction of a residential building, you can apply for a preferential mortgage from a bank (2%) and on the basis of this document the plot becomes the property of the applicant and at the same time serves as collateral. The terms and conditions of the resolution can be read here. This way you can register a hectare of property ahead of schedule (more information about early registration of land in the Far Eastern Federal District can be found at the link).

FrolovStepan

“We’ve been wanting our own home for a long time, and when we heard about the program, we decided to give it a try. I found out about the program by chance, there was an advertisement on TV, I became interested, went online and found the website https://nadalniyvostok.rf/. It was around the end of spring 2021, I don’t remember exactly, then it was possible to take a plot only in the Khasansky district, but of course taking a plot there was not an option. We started waiting for October 1, when they began to provide plots throughout Primorye. My wife really didn’t believe that they would give us a plot until we signed an agreement to provide the plot.”

To submit an application, you need to register on the State Services portal, log into your personal account on the website (“nadalniyvostok.rf”) and select the plot and its boundaries on the public cadastral map. An electronic application is also drawn up there. The authorities promise to respond within a week. The contract comes to your personal account (Government Services).

Arctic hectare

The Russians are also preparing a new program for regional hectares. This time in the Arctic. The conditions are similar to the Far East (the plot is issued for 5 years, after which it is registered as a property or long-term lease). It is planned to issue citizens one hectare in the northern regions starting in the summer of the coming year. The land can be used for the construction of an individual residential building, business, and tourism. The law has not yet been adopted, but it is expected that the first recipients of Arctic hectares will be residents of these territories. Politicians believe that the program will be in demand, in particular for the tourism business.

Yakiman23

“Holy places with the most fertile soil, you stick a stick in - it sprouts... and a mild climate, a warm sea... and we have the opportunity to get all this in the near future almost completely free of charge (at first the locals were given the opportunity to become rich). Take, build, develop your home, families, agriculture, dear citizens. Everything is for you."

Abandoned areas

There are abandoned areas in the country (including buildings). “Abandoned” lands can be located in rural areas, in SNT. According to the law, citizens of the Russian Federation can become owners of such land plots on favorable terms. According to Article 284 of the Civil Code, land is confiscated from the owner if he has not used the allotment for three years or has used it for other purposes. And Article 44 of the Land Code states that ownership can be revoked in the event of alienation, abandonment of ownership, or seizure of a property.

Therefore, you first need to find out whether a certain site has an owner. Anastasia Alalaeva, head of the information preparation department at Rosreestr, explains how to do this. The specialist recommends finding out the cadastral number of the property and using the “Public Cadastral Map” service. This way you can find out if the owner of the plot of interest exists. It is important to notify the local administration of your intention to register the land in your name. If there is no owner, then the site passes to local authorities. Next comes the auction. The winner (who offered the best bid) enters into an agreement. There are cases, as a lawyer from one of the agencies adds, when only one person takes part in the auction. The price, as a rule, turns out to be significantly lower than the market price. But there are cases in which it is possible to purchase without bidding. For example, for members of SNT, where the object is located. All cases are prescribed in Part 2 of Art. 39.3 of the Land Code.

There is also the concept of “acquisitive prescription” (Article 234 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). If a person occupied an ownerless house and lived there for more than 15 years, and the legal owners did not show up, the tenant has the right to begin the process of registering rights to real estate. But there are a number of conditions. This is open and continuous living in the house, payment of utility bills, maintenance of the site and housing.

Redemption at auctions

In Moscow and the regions, auctions of plots are held from time to time. The population is notified about the event in advance through the media or on official websites. You need to submit a bid and try to win, offer a price that other auction participants cannot beat. And only one person can participate in these auctions. Although it is generally accepted that if there was only one applicant, then the auction did not take place. However, in accordance with Article 39.12 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation (clauses 13 and 14), if the applicant, even if only one, meets the requirements, the conclusion of an agreement is possible.

The price, according to lawyers, is often lower than the market price (recently in Moscow land was sold at auction for 44 thousand per hundred square meters). The winner receives ownership of the land plot, short-term or long-term (which is almost 50 years) lease - conditions may vary depending on the municipality. The tenant can buy a plot in Moscow for only 40% of the cadastral value.

True, the plots that are put up for auction are not always “successful”. The object may be located far from the infrastructure and have encumbrances.

Free land in the Leningrad region: what's the catch

In 2009, local authorities approved a list of persons who can apply for plots free of charge. The main purpose of using the land is individual construction. Resolution No. 37 divides everyone into categories:

1. Persons who do not own land. The right to receive it comes only with permanent residence in the region for at least five years. In addition to the application, they must submit a Form 9 certificate and an extract from the Unified State Register.
2. Persons living in a private house, but not its owners. The right to state assistance occurs after living in the Leningrad Region for five years. The list of documents is similar.
3. Persons living in an area less than the registration norm. They must provide a certificate of Form 9, a certificate of approval of the accounting norm (form and characteristics of the premises.
4. Young families, subject to the need for improved living conditions. Only citizens who have registered their relationship can participate in the program. There is an age restriction - at the time of receiving the plot, family members should not be more than 35 years old. They attach to the application: a marriage certificate, characteristics of the living quarters, a Form 9 certificate, a birth or adoption certificate of children (if any).
5. Military personnel. They provide a military ID and registration certificate.
6. Workers of the agro-industrial complex, if they need improved housing conditions. A package of documents: a copy of the employment contract, a certificate of registration, characteristics of the residential premises.

Make way for the young, or How to get land for a young family

The law providing free plots for young families came into force in 20111. Today it is only gaining momentum. It is mainly aimed at large families. To receive such a “gift” from the state, you must meet the following conditions:

• spouses must be officially married;
• the family must have at least three minors;
• all family members must be registered in the same living space for the last five years;
• family members do not own real estate in Russia.

Local governments are responsible for land distribution. This is where you need to submit your application. The review period is one month. If approved, the family receives a land certificate.

This is the best way for a young family to receive land from the state. However, it is worth remembering that if within one year the family does not begin construction on the received plot, then it returns back to the state. The right to free land is granted to a large family once. The maximum area should not exceed 15 acres.

Ministry of Property Relations of the Irkutsk Region

Providing land plots for free ownership

Land plots are provided from lands that are state-owned in the Irkutsk region or municipally owned, as well as from lands for which state ownership is not demarcated.

In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation dated January 15, 1993 No. 4301-1 “On the status of Heroes of the Soviet Union, Heroes of the Russian Federation and full holders of the Order of Glory”, Federal Law dated January 9, 1997 No. 5-FZ “On the provision of social guarantees to Heroes of Socialist Labor and free of charge land plots for individual housing construction

are provided to citizens awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Russian Federation, Hero of Socialist Labor or who are full holders of the Order of Glory, full holders of the Order of Labor Glory.

Law of the Irkutsk region dated March 12, 2009 No. 8-oz “On the free provision of land plots into the ownership of citizens” defines cases of free provision

land plots in state ownership of the Irkutsk region or in municipal ownership into the ownership of citizens, as well as the maximum size of land plots in state ownership of the Irkutsk region and provided to citizens as property free of charge.

In addition to the cases established by federal laws of providing land plots into the ownership of citizens free of charge in the territory of the Irkutsk region, the following cases are established of providing land plots that are state-owned in the Irkutsk region or in municipal ownership into the ownership of citizens one time free of charge for individual housing construction:

- citizens entitled to receive social benefits

in connection with leaving the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas;

- citizens who are registered in accordance with the established procedure as needing residential premises,

provided under social rental contracts,
and belonging to the following categories:
a) veterans of the Great Patriotic War;

b) veterans of military operations on the territory of the USSR, on the territory of the Russian Federation and the territories of other states;

c) disabled people with disability groups I and II, and disabled children;

d) persons recognized as rehabilitated in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation of October 18, 1991 N 1761-1 “On the rehabilitation of victims of political repressions;

e) employees of state and municipal institutions for whom the institution is the main place of work and who have continuous work experience in this institution for at least 3 years;

f) one of the spouses of a large family with three or more common children under the age of 18;

g) one of the spouses, the age of each of whom does not exceed 35 years, if both spouses are duly registered as needing residential premises provided under social tenancy agreements, as well as a young parent of a single-parent family, whose age is not exceeds 35 years.

In addition, for individual housing construction

citizens belonging to the following categories:

a) persons not older than 35 years of age who have secondary vocational or higher vocational education, whose main place of work is in rural settlements and towns in organizations operating in the field of agricultural production, as well as municipal and state institutions of culture, healthcare, education;

b) persons registered at the place of residence or place of stay in rural settlements, towns for 5 consecutive years before the date of filing an application for free provision of land plots, whose main place of work is in rural settlements and towns in organizations operating in the field education, culture, healthcare and agricultural production;

c) citizens awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st degree; citizens awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree; citizens awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree; citizens awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree.

In accordance with Articles 10, 11 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation manage and dispose of land plots owned by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies manage and dispose of land plots that are municipally owned. Based on paragraph 10 of Article 3 of the Federal Law of October 25, 2001 No. 137-FZ “On the Enactment of the Land Code of the Russian Federation,” the disposal of land plots for which state ownership is not delimited is carried out by local governments of municipal districts and city districts.

According to paragraph 10 of Article 4 of the Law of the Irkutsk Region dated December 21, 2006 No. 99-oz “On certain issues of use and protection of lands in the Irkutsk Region” to the powers of the Government of the Irkutsk Region

in the sphere of land use and protection includes
the disposal of land plots
located on the territory of the municipal formation
of the city of Irkutsk, the state ownership of which is not demarcated (for construction).
It is possible to submit an application for the provision of a land plot for individual housing construction free of charge in accordance with the current procedures:

1) for land plots located in the city of Irkutsk, for the purposes of individual housing construction - to the Government of the Irkutsk Region through the Ministry of Property Relations in accordance with the current Procedure;

2) for the remaining land plots - in the administration of municipal districts and city districts (in the territory chosen by the citizen (see Procedure Irkutsk District (p. 21), Angarsk District, Shelekhovsky District)).

You can apply for a free plot of land if there is free land

General plan of Irkutsk

, approved by the decision of the Duma of Irkutsk dated June 28, 2007 No. 004-20-390583/7,

for individual housing construction
is not intended the existing dense development of residential buildings.
The master plan of the city of Irkutsk, as well as draft plans for districts of the city of Irkutsk, can be found on the website of the administration of the city of Irkutsk www.admirkutsk.ru.

In addition, you can obtain background information about land plots included in the State Real Estate Cadastre on the Rosreestr government services portal (maps.rosreestr.ru.).

Additional information on the issue of providing land plots can also be obtained on the website of the Legislative Assembly of the Irkutsk Region www.irk.gov.ru, as well as from specialists of the Ministry of Property Relations by phone: 29-41-59, 29-83-29, or at a personal reception at the address: Irkutsk, st. Karl Liebknecht, 47, office No. 8 (Mon. 14-17, Wed. 9-12).

Considering the shortage of land plots for individual housing construction in the city of Irkutsk

,
provision is carried out on the basis of applications from citizens
for the provision of
specific land plots in an existing individual residential development,
in accordance with the rules of land use and development, land management, urban planning and design documentation, as well as free from the rights of third parties.

Approximate diagram

The location of the land plot
is carried out by the citizen independently
using cartographic materials (car maps, electronic map of the city - DublGIS, etc.).

To provide a land plot outside the city of Irkutsk, you must submit a corresponding application to the administration of the Irkutsk region or the administration of the municipality on whose territory the requested land plot is located.

Government of the Irkutsk region Official portal

Found a mistake? Let us know

Website development: OSAU "Information and Technical Center of the Irkutsk Region"

A little about family estates

In 2013, the State Duma considered the project “On Family Estates”. Its essence boils down to providing each citizen with 1 hectare of land for personal needs. It is assumed that the state alienates the plots free of charge.

The main goal of the project is to fight poverty in the country, repopulate empty lands, and develop agriculture. LDPR deputies proposed to protect new land owners from land taxes for such territories and taxes for buildings located on them. Such a plot cannot be sold, exchanged, or rented out. The only way to transfer ownership is through a will. This will allow us to weed out people who will try to make a “quick profit” on the land.

It will be possible to obtain land only away from cities. The responsibility to support the environment falls on the shoulders of the land owner. If he decides to build an individual building on it, then he must provide communications at his own expense. The bill was not approved, and debates about its effectiveness are still raging.

So, the options for obtaining land lease from the state are more effective. The tenant pays a fee and does not have to wait in a long line to receive the plot. There is no lost profit for him. The exception is for persons who have direct benefits for priority receipt of land.