State Cadastral Registration of Real Estate - complete information in 5 minutes

Registration of real estate is carried out by Rosreestr as part of cadastral activities. In order to obtain accurate and complete data on the characteristics of real estate, cadastral work is carried out at the sites, technical and boundary plans, and survey reports are drawn up. Based on the results of accounting procedures, all information is entered into a single database - the Unified State Register of Real Estate. Information from this register is publicly available and can be requested in the form of extracts or certificates. State cadastral registration of real estate is carried out in relation to land plots, buildings, apartments, non-residential premises and other objects.

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Read in the material what the abbreviations EGRN, GKN and EGRN mean, what is the procedure for registering objects for cadastral registration, what supporting documents need to be submitted to Rosreestr for this.

What is cadastral registration

The essence of cadastral registration is the collection, compilation and systematization of data on real estate in the country. Land plots, premises, and various types of buildings are subject to registration. The unity of all information about real estate is ensured by maintaining the EGRN (Unified State Register of Real Estate). Since 2021, it has been used as an analogue of the Unified State Register of Rights (USR), GKN (State Real Estate Cadastre), and other federal cadastres and registers. Information from the State Property Committee was not cancelled, but was included in the new register.

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The real estate cadastre is a collection of data on all objects. Before the transition to the Unified State Register of Real Estate (USRN) system, registration of real estate in Russia was carried out according to several registers and cadastres (for example, for land and OKS, for forest areas). This not only complicated obtaining official information, but also led to discrepancies and errors. Since July 2021, this problem has been eliminated, as all databases have been combined into the Unified State Register of Real Estate.

This is what a sample boundary plan, one of the main cadastral registration documents, looks like

In simple words

A unified cadastral register of real estate is needed by the state, legal entities, and ordinary citizens. The state receives accurate data about all objects in the country, can control transactions, calculate and collect taxes, and monitor compliance with safety standards during construction work. For citizens and organizations, object registration in Rosreestr also has practical significance:

• Registration of rights to real estate is carried out through registration in Rosreestr;
• the Unified State Register not only reflects information about the parameters of the object, but also information about all their changes;
• You can request a certificate of cadastral value from the register (this indicator is used for taxation and for calculating duties when entering into an inheritance);
• Cadastral documents are needed when making transactions, inheritance, and for other purposes.

In essence, the real estate cadastre is a unified catalog of real estate in the country. You can get acquainted with it through the PPK (Public Cadastral Map), or by requesting an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate for a separate object. Only in exceptional cases will information about sites and buildings be hidden from public access (for example, for lands and objects of defense significance).

Expert commentary. Since 2021, another important rule has been introduced into Article 14 of Law No. 218-FZ. Conducting any real estate transactions is permitted if the object is registered in Rosreestr, and information about it is contained in the Unified State Register of Real Estate. For example, only registering a plot of land with a cadastral register allows it to be sold, rented out, or transformed. By ordering a technical or boundary plan from a cadastral engineer, you can undergo registration simultaneously with the registration of rights.

State Cadastral Registration of Real Estate. Questions for the expert

Soloviev Petr

Expert in the field of certification, cadastre, real estate and design. Higher legal education, more than 10 years of work experience.

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Question to the expert

Good afternoon If the house is not registered in the cadastral register, will I be fined?

No, there are no fines for failure to complete cadastral registration. The owner himself decides when to undergo this procedure. But without registration, the property cannot be sold. donate, rent.

Hello! Cadastral registration is carried out free of charge, but after it you have to pay for the extraction of the Unified State Register?

After passing the cadastral registration, the USRN extract is issued free of charge. But with each subsequent request for a document, you need to pay a state fee.

If I don’t have time to contact the cadastral engineer and Rosreestr myself, can I entrust this to another person?

Yes, you can. The interests of the owner can be represented by any legally capable person. His powers must be indicated in the notarized power of attorney.

Legally

The legal definition of cadastral registration is regulated by Law No. 218-FZ “On State Registration of Real Estate” (). According to the law, cad. accounting is the entry into the Unified State Register of information that allows the identification of real estate. Since the parameters of each object are unique, each of them is assigned a special numeric code - a cadastral number. Using this number you can easily check cadastral registration, request an extract from the Unified State Register or information from the register.

The real estate cadastre is a government function. Therefore, only Rosreestr specialists can enter information and update the Unified State Register. However, the initial data for accounting is collected and entered into documents by cadastral engineers. For this purpose, cadastral work is carried out, which may include land surveying, surveys, measurements, and other activities.

Based on the technical plan, cadastral registration of buildings and premises is carried out

The need to create the State Control Committee

This state information resource collects and systematizes the information necessary for the emergence and change of rights to real estate and the performance of operations with it.

It is regulated by Federal Law No. 221-FZ of July 24, 2007 “On the State Real Estate Cadastre” (more information about the law at the link: www.consultant.ru), the requirements of the Constitution, Land, Civil, Urban Planning and other Codes of the Russian Federation.

Cadastral registration makes it possible to uniquely identify each object, which is necessary in such cases:

• 
  To secure property rights and provide government guarantees. For an object registered in the cadastre, the possibility of displacement or overlap of plot boundaries and double interpretation of their sizes is excluded.

• When calculating property taxes. The cadastral value is used by tax authorities.
• For effective municipal governance. Information about real estate, its legal status and purpose is necessary when planning infrastructure development in the regions and drawing up urban planning documentation.
• In order to strengthen the country's economy. Turnover increases by including the value of property and tax revenues to the budget.

Each property is unique and has clearly defined characteristics. Information about it must be reliable, recognized by the state and accessible.

The State Property Committee is a collection of data on real estate and contains information that allows you to perform the following actions:

• Identify property. It contains complete information about the site, apartment, above-ground or underground building, or unfinished construction object included in the database. The cadastre does not keep records of subsoil, sea, river, aircraft, or space stations.
• Determine the owner.
• Appraise the property.
• Specify information about the location.

Identification for different real estate is different and is carried out in the following order:

The cadastral number of a house is its unique identifier, certifies ownership of the object, simplifies the assessment and allows for actions to be taken to alienate it. The number contains encoded data about the location where the building is located.

The data collected in the cadastre is unified and has the following structure:

In the cadastral file, in printed form or on electronic media, all documents provided for adding information to the register and designed for long-term storage are collected. The register is maintained exclusively in electronic form and represents information in text form.

Maps provide a visual representation of the location and configuration of real estate and are divided into several types:

• Thematic. Data on areas, boundaries of settlements, administrative units, and federal subjects are plotted on a single cartographic basis.
• Public. They are freely available on cadastral information websites. The completeness of the information provided is determined by Rosreestr.
• On duty. They are intended for bodies performing cadastral registration.
• Territories of municipalities or federal subjects. Used by the governing bodies of the relevant education.

Information in all components of the GKN is duplicated and has the same meaning.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ol50VqPVDCI

Functions of cadastral registration

The procedure for cadastral registration is regulated by Law No. 218-FZ. Requirements for the preparation of documents for this procedure are provided for by Orders of the Ministry of Economic Development. Here are the main functions and tasks of cadastral registration in Russia:

• obtaining accurate information about all real estate in the country;
• proper identification of each object;
• systematization of information in the unified register of the Unified State Register of Real Estate;
• public availability of registry data.

The performance of these functions allows you to check the cadastral registration upon request to Rosreestr or the MFC. This can be done in writing or through the State Services website. Basic data is available through the PPK.

The inspection report confirms the loss of the physical existence of the object

Legal regulation

Issues related to the State Real Estate Cadastre are regulated by special regulatory legal acts. The main one is the Federal Law of July 24, 2007 No. 221-FZ “On Cadastral Activities”. It regulates the relationships that arise in the process of carrying out activities of this nature. Also, some points related to the State Property Committee are reflected in the Federal Law of July 13, 2015 No. 218-FZ “On State Registration of Real Estate”. For example, Article 8 reveals the very concept of such accounting and its content. Some issues related to the State Property Committee are also reflected in the Land and Town Planning Codes of the Russian Federation, and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 1, 2009 No. 457 “On the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography.”

Cadastral registration documents

Information in the cadastral register of real estate is entered only on the basis of documents prepared by an engineer. This list includes:

• boundary plan, which defines the boundaries of the land plot - it is used to register the plot for cadastral registration, various forms of transformations (allocation, division, merger);
• a technical plan with the characteristics of premises and buildings - using it you can register a new object, legitimize changes in parameters after reconstruction, redevelopment;
• inspection report – this document confirms that the object has lost its physical existence.

In some cases, the cadastral register of real estate is filled out or updated based on a court decision. For example, if a dispute about the boundaries of plots or rights to real estate is resolved in court, the winning party can submit a decision to Rosreestr.

Competent authorities

In accordance with the requirements of current legislation, the maintenance of cadastral registration is entrusted to the federal executive authorities. In this case, the basis of the system is Rosreestr. This body is entrusted with a fairly wide range of responsibilities.

Some of them are:

1. Registration of rights to real estate.
2. Maintaining the Unified State Register.
3. State cadastral registration.
4. Maintaining a register of relevant specialists and bodies, as well as supervision of their activities.
5. Consideration of complaints regarding Civil Civil Code issues.
6. Issuance of licenses to carry out cadastral activities.
7. Formation of catalogs and other databases.
8. Determination of the cadastral price for real estate.

Rosreestr also has the right to request information necessary for the implementation of its activities, and to involve specialists from other organizations in solving assigned tasks.

This list is not exhaustive. A more detailed list of responsibilities and rights is contained in Resolution No. 457 “On the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography.”

Registration of a real estate property based on the results of a caducity test

Object accounting makes it possible to secure rights to a site or object. This procedure is also carried out through Rosreestr, and it can be combined with accounting actions. Stages of the registration procedure:

• the copyright holder prepares the basis documents for registration (commissioning or acceptance certificate, technical or boundary plan, other documents);
• an application is submitted to Rosreestr or MFC;
• Rosreestr employees check the compliance of documents with Law No. 218-FZ and transfer the information to the Unified State Register of Real Estate;
• the object is assigned a cadastral number;
• after completion of the registration, the applicant receives an extract from the Unified State Register.

The extract is a document of title. It can be used to check information about real estate and make transactions. During the process of ownership, you can repeatedly go through registration if the initial characteristics of the object change. To do this, you need to contact an engineer every time for cadastral documentation.

Document requirements

All documentation submitted to Rosreestr must meet certain requirements. First of all, it's authenticity. The data must be reliable, that is, obtained from official organizations. Copies may be submitted. They must be certified by a notary. The exception in this case is decisions of government authorities at any level. They must be certified by the heads of the authorities that issued them. The last name, first name, patronymic and address of the individual’s place of residence must be indicated without abbreviations.

The initiator may be denied his request if:

1. The information provided in the form of an electronic document does not comply with the established format.
2. Data presented on paper contains additions, strikeouts, erasures or blots, and is also written in pencil, which does not allow for a reliable interpretation of the information received.
3. The application is not signed by the initiator or his legal representative. The presence of a painting is a prerequisite for any appeal. Otherwise it is anonymous and will not be considered.
4. The data presented is unreliable. That is, during the audit, discrepancies with official information were identified.
5. The copy of the document does not contain the certification signature of a notary, the head of a government agency or an official authorized by him.

If these shortcomings are identified, Rosreestr has the right to refuse the applicant’s request. In practice, in most cases, shortcomings are identified at the stage of receiving documents. In such situations, the applicant is given time to eliminate them, or the documents are returned immediately. If a person does not agree with such a decision, he has the right to go to court to protect his rights.

Registration of real estate in the cadastral register

The procedure for cadastral registration involves submitting documents to Rosreestr. This can be done by the owner, tenant, or other owner of the property. Here are the general rules for this procedure:

• the applicant must submit a title document, technical or boundary plan (depending on the type of object);
• There is no fee for this procedure (if you register your rights at the same time, you must pay a state fee);
• The timing of cadastral registration depends on the method of application (5 days through Rosreestr, 7 days through the MFC).

If accounting is carried out simultaneously with registration actions, the duration of document verification will increase. The deadlines for cadastral registration and registration are 10 days (Rosreestr) or 12 days (MFC).

Expert commentary. After completing the accounting actions, the applicant will receive an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate. The supporting documents that were submitted with the application will no longer be valid (but they can be used for informational purposes). With each subsequent change to the object, you need to re-obtain a boundary or technical plan and register it with Rosreestr.

Automation of cadastral activities

Processing such large volumes of data requires reliable software. It should ensure the filling of the database, systematization and provision of information upon request. Please note that data is entered from different sources:

• are formed from specialized cadastres and departmental registers;
• provided by government agencies;
• at the municipal level are obtained by organizations that carry out accounting and registration of real estate and carry out transactions with it;
• are entered by individuals or legal entities when registering and receiving title documents.

An example of a list of documents submitted to the cadastral registration authority.
All data on the characteristics of the object must be organized, double-checked for accuracy and lack of duplication. The main requirements for information support are:

• efficiency of making changes;
• centralized storage;
• ease of individual and joint work with data;
• grouping information between structures.

The State Automated Information System (AIS GKN) was created taking into account the specifics and principles of cadastral registration.

It made it possible to structure information about the characteristics of sites, to differentiate access to the entry and use of data that may be publicly available or intended for limited use. With the introduction of AIS, decision-making in the real estate sector has become more efficient and the investment climate has improved.

Main menu of AIS GKN

The system allowed us to solve the following problems:

• Centralized cadastre maintenance. Previously, information was collected locally and transferred to a common database once a month; now data is updated daily.
• Possibility of automation of cadastral procedures. The uniform provision of information speeds up data processing and reduces the resources allocated for this.
• Elimination of a subjective approach. Cadastral procedures are automated as much as possible, which speeds them up and prevents the possibility of corruption.
• High quality of service provision. The work is performed by specialists with higher qualifications than workers in small field offices.

As a result, thanks to the availability of up-to-date information, real estate transactions have become transparent and simplified. It became possible to simultaneously solve problems of assessment, registration, technical inventory, and interact with government bodies at any level. The creation of AIS influenced the development of the regulatory framework and improved real estate management mechanisms.

Instructions for carrying out cadastral registration

If you need to be registered, you need to obtain a supporting document before submitting your application to Rosreestr. To do this, it is necessary in each case to contact an engineer and order cadastral work. We will describe the specifics of the procedure for each object below.

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Land plot

Registration of the site for cadastral registration is carried out after land surveying. The algorithm of actions is as follows:

• the land owner prepares documents confirming the rights to the plot (agreement, resolution on the allocation of land, division agreement, other documents);
• an agreement is concluded with an engineer or cadastral company, the terms and prices of land surveying are determined;
• the engineer checks the documents, requests information from the Unified State Register;
• work is carried out on the ground - site inspection, coordination, determination of boundary points;
• survey results are transferred to the boundary plan;
• the document is certified by the engineer’s digital signature and issued to the customer on disk.

The content and form of the boundary plan, the rules for filling out the document are regulated by Order of the Ministry of Economic Development No. 921 (). During land surveying, the engineer must determine the boundary points and area of ​​the land plot, describe them in coordinates, and draw up a diagram. Land surveying should be carried out when forming a new plot, during various types of transformations.

Expert commentary. The border approval process deserves special attention. To do this, the engineer draws up an approval document, which must be signed by all owners of nearby plots. Services upon approval can be ordered from the MSR Architectural Bureau. This will simplify the entire procedure and reduce the overall time frame for cadastral registration.

Cadastral work on the ground allows the engineer to collect accurate data about plots and objects and transfer them into documents

Non-residential building

To register a non-residential building, a technical plan is required. Algorithm of actions for the building owner:

• you need to prepare the basis documents for accounting and (or) registration - a commissioning or work acceptance certificate, a lease agreement, an extract from the Unified State Register, other documents;
• an agreement is concluded with a cadastral company or engineer;
• an inspection of all areas and premises of the building, measurements of external boundaries, coordination of the facility on the site, and other work are carried out;
• survey results are filled in technically;
• the engineer certifies the document with an electronic digital signature and issues it to the customer on disk;
• With the technical plan, you need to contact Rosreestr or the MFC to get registered.

The technical plan will contain a text description of the characteristics of the building, floor plans showing each room, and a diagram of the facility. It is necessary to draw up a technical plan and undergo registration not only when constructing a new building, but also during its reconstruction and redevelopment. The requirements for filling out the document are specified in Order of the Ministry of Economic Development No. 953 (). It is necessary to undergo registration not only when creating an object, but also when remodeling a residential premises or building.

Expert commentary. A non-residential building may contain premises that are recognized as independent real estate objects. To register them with Rosreestr, you need to obtain separate technical plans. Accordingly, the Unified State Register will assign a unique cadastral number for the building and for the above premises.

Private house

The procedure for commissioning and registering private houses in 2021 is as follows:

• within a month after completion of work, you must submit a notification to the local government;
• after checking that the individual housing construction house complies with safety standards, a response notification is sent to the applicant;
• the owner of the house enters into an agreement with an engineer or cadastral company;
• a house inspection is carried out, measurements of all premises are carried out, the structure on the site is coordinated;
• the obtained results of individual housing construction (area, height, number of floors, number of rooms and their location, other data) are entered into the technical plan;
• documents are issued to the customer electronically on disk.

At the same time, you can order land surveying to register the area under the individual housing construction house. Documents for registration of individual housing construction must be sent by the local administration, unless otherwise indicated by the applicant. As with other types of objects, the owner of a private house will be issued an extract from the state register of the Unified State Register of Real Estate.

Premises or apartments

The procedure for registering an apartment or premises in the cadastral register does not differ from the general rules. Depending on the type of work performed, the following activities are carried out to account for an apartment or premises:

• the owner prepares documents confirming the formation of an isolated and separate premises, or the completion of work;
• a contract is concluded with an engineer or cadastral company;
• the engineer studies the documents, requests information from the Unified State Register of Real Estate;
• measurements of premises or apartments, all rooms, networks and equipment are taken;
• a technical plan is drawn up with a text description, diagram, floor plan;
• The document is issued to the customer in electronic form.

Please note that the boundaries and location of these objects are necessarily reflected on the floor plan of the building. The premises can be registered if it meets the criteria of isolation and isolation. For this reason, rooms in an apartment are not considered separate real estate units. When remodeling and renovating an apartment, accounting will consist of making changes to the Unified State Register of Real Estate.

Expert commentary. If you need to register your house with the cadastral register, or go through a similar procedure with another object, the employees of the MSR Architectural Bureau will help you. Our services include cadastral work, preparation of documentation, support for accounting and registration actions in Rosreestr. Additionally, you can get help in making transactions and registering real estate rentals.

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Accounting procedure

Cadastral registration consists of several successive stages. First of all, the request of the interested party is accepted. After this, the application and all submitted documents are subject to detailed analysis for their completeness and reliability. Then the necessary information must be entered into the Unified State Register. The procedure ends by issuing a response to the initiator. In some cases, the interested party may be refused. In such situations, the submitted documents must be returned to the applicant. Rosreestr has five working days for this. In this case, the cadastral registration authority must notify the applicant about the fact of the refusal and the reasons for this.

It should be noted that if the documents were sent electronically, the initiator only receives a notification by email.

If there are grounds for refusal, Rosreestr must take one of the following actions:

1. Carry out cadastral registration.
2. Suspend the procedure, if there are grounds for it, with notification to the initiator.
3. Notify about the termination of cadastral registration.

For any of these decisions, the initiator must receive notification. In practice, the notice is sent in the same way as the received appeal. If the procedure has been temporarily suspended, the initiator has the right to independently provide the missing information. He is obliged to notify Rosreestr about this. The results are handed over to the applicant or his legal representative. In this case, the latter must submit a power of attorney certified by a notary. If the response is delivered by courier, the initiator is obliged to pay for the service. This option is used if it was indicated in the application of the interested party.

Example and example of cadastral registration - our cases

With the support of the MSR Architectural Bureau, hundreds of clients have successfully completed registration and registration of real estate. We invite you to familiarize yourself with examples of our work on different types of objects.

Sample 1. An example of a USRN extract for an apartment for which. The technical plan was drawn up by our specialists.

Sample 2. An example of a description of the location of a land plot in an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate. Cadastral work was carried out by our engineers.

The purpose of the cadastre and its functions

The cadastre is intended:

1. To determine the amount of taxes on objects.
2. Estimates of cost and average income. For example, you can determine the cadastral value of an apartment and calculate the amount of taxation upon sale.
3. To implement effective public policy, state cadastre data is used.
4. Providing government agencies, legal entities and individuals with information about objects.
5. Helps to take into account and rationally apply the security activities of land plots.
6. Helps protect the rights and use of land owners and tenants.
7. Regulates the boundaries of historically established territories. The activities of maintaining the cadastre are carried out by the Federal Public Service.

Cost and price of cadastral registration

Cadastral registration in Russia is carried out free of charge. If rights are registered at the same time, you must pay a fee of 2000 rubles. (for individuals) or 22,000 rub. (for organizations). The costs of producing cadastral documents are paid separately under an agreement with the engineer. Prices depend on many factors, so the specialist needs to transfer documents and basic data on the object. Tariffs of our company can be clarified by calling the numbers listed on the website.

After registration, the USRN extract is issued free of charge. Subsequently, you can order a new statement, but for a fee:

• an extract for 1 object for citizens costs 700 rubles. in writing, 350 rub. in electronic format;
• extract for 1 object for a legal entity. persons costs 2550 rubles. in writing, 870 rub. in electronic format.

There are special types of documents that can be obtained through Rosreestr. For example, an extract about the main characteristics and registered rights for citizens costs 820 rubles. (in writing) or 290 rub. (electronically).

You can check cadastral registration for free through the Public Cadastral Map following the link, or by requesting an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate. You can order an extract online on the Rosreestr website using the link. You must pay for the extract, and the amount of the fee depends on the method of filing the request. Our specialists will help you obtain information about the cadastral number and other information about the Unified State Register of Real Estate within a day.