Maternity capital in 2022 for the first and second child: size of maternity capital and terms of provision

A few figures about maternity capital

Maternity (family) capital is a government program aimed at solving the demographic problem in Russia. Since 2007, the state began to allocate a certain amount to families in which a second child was born.

As a result, the program turned out to be so popular and effective that it has already been extended three times - first until 2021 instead of 2016, then until 2021, and recently until 2026 (and, they say, will eventually make it permanent).

And, indeed, maternity capital has touched almost every family in Russia in one way or another:

In total, more than 10 million capital certificates were issued;
the total amount of expenses under the program is 2.9 trillion rubles (for comparison, the annual volume of the federal budget is about 23 trillion);
93% of the total amount is spent on improving living conditions;
scientists highly appreciate the effectiveness of the program - in the first 10 years, thanks to maternal capital, the birth rate increased by 20-25%;
the decline in the birth rate in 2018-2019 could be associated with the unclear prospects of the maternity capital program, which was eventually extended.

When is maternity capital issued?

There are rules for receiving money: you can apply for payment of maternity capital only when the baby turns three years old. Immediately after the birth of a child, you can receive money only for certain purposes.

When to receive maternity capital

Where can I send

Immediately after birth

→ Monthly payments;

→ payment for kindergarten;

→ adaptation of disabled children;

→ down payment for a mortgage;

→ mortgage repayment.

After the child turns three years old

→ Buying a home with your own money;

→ compensation for building a house;

→ school tuition, payment for courses, sports and music clubs, accommodation in a dormitory;

→ house construction;

→ funded pension.

Who is eligible for the certificate

From 2007 to 2021

It was very simple to understand who has the right to maternity capital:

the family must have two or more children;
at least one of them must be born in 2007 or later;
both the mother of the child and the children are citizens of the Russian Federation.

In 2020, the most serious changes were made to the program

throughout its history - by abolishing the rule about the second child, as well as dividing the amount of capital depending on what kind of child was born in the family and in what year.

Now, under the terms of the program, maternity capital is given to the following families:

a second or subsequent child was born in the family from 2007 to 2021;
the first child was born in the family in 2021 or later;
a second child was born in the family in 2021 or later (if the first was born before 2019 inclusive);

Accordingly, now one more is added to the conditions that were in force until the end of 2021

: maternity capital is received by women who give birth to their first child in 2021 or later.

the father of the child can also receive maternity capital

, but only in a few cases:

the father is the sole adoptive parent of this child;
the child's mother has died or been deprived of parental rights to this child.

And if neither the mother nor the father of the children can receive maternity capital, the children themselves can receive it.

Save for retirement

Maternity capital can be used to form a funded pension for the mother - all or only part. The amount is transferred to the woman’s individual savings account. When she reaches retirement age, she will be able to use the money. Or the husband or child will receive them if the mother passes away. Other relatives are not entitled to these savings.

Mom decides where to keep the money. You can leave them in the State Pension Fund, or transfer them to a non-state pension fund. If the mother decides to keep money in a non-state pension fund, then she must write an application to the Pension Fund to transfer to the selected non-state pension fund, and the Pension Fund will transfer the maternity capital or part of it there. If you change your mind, you can transfer the money back at any time before the pension is assigned.

Sample application for transfer from Pension Fund to Non-State Pension Fund

The mother herself chooses how to receive a funded pension from maternity capital:

As an increase to your pension .
The increase is calculated based on the survival period - in 2021 it is 258 months. The amount of maternity capital is divided by 258, and every month the resulting result is added to the pension. They pay for life.
Equal parts .
Matkapital is paid in equal installments every month. The minimum term is 10 years, the mother can set a term longer, but not less. How much will be paid per month depends on the amount of maternity capital. For example, the mother allocated the entire amount - 616,617 rubles - to a funded pension and ordered it to be paid over 10 years. Every month she will receive 5,138 rubles in addition to her pension.
One-time payment .
Matkapital can be received immediately in the entire amount after retirement, if the amount of the funded pension is less than 5% of the old-age labor pension. Usually the cumulative amount of maternity capital is more than 5%, so this option does not always work.

Matkapital for a funded pension is an investment. You can calculate approximately what increase in pension a woman will receive if she sends maternity capital for this purpose.

How to calculate approximate income.

For example, a 20-year-old woman gave birth to her first child in 2021. She decided to direct the entire maternity capital - 466,617 rubles - to a funded pension in a non-state pension fund. The mother will retire in 2060, and for 40 years the money will be invested in the company she chooses. The average yield of the selected non-state pension fund is 11%. The amount of savings after 40 years will be: 466,617 ₽ * (1+11%)40 = 30,330,478 ₽

Payments will be calculated from this amount:

The monthly increase
will be RUB 30,330,478/258 months = RUB 117,560.
In equal parts
over 10 years - 30,330,478 ₽/120 months = 252,754 ₽.

The calculation will be approximate, since the profitability of NPFs is different every year. You can find out the rating of NPFs on the website of the rating agency “Expert RA” or the National Rating Agency.

Select NPF

Before the pension is assigned, you can change the goal at any time and redirect the money to something else, for example, to educate your children. To do this, you need to submit an application to the territorial pension fund to refuse to send funds.

Sample application for refusal to send funds

What can you spend money on from the certificate?

From the very moment of the launch of the maternity capital program, one key condition remained in it - money according to the certificate is not issued in hand

. They can be spent only on those purposes that in one way or another should ensure the future of the family and children, and only when the child for whom maternity capital was issued turns 3 years old (except for a few areas).

You can spend money from maternity capital for the following purposes:

improving the family's living conditions. There are several options here:
use the certificate to partially or fully repay interest on a mortgage loan;
use the amount in the certificate as a down payment on a mortgage loan;
repay the principal amount of a housing loan in full or in part with a certificate;
send a certificate for the construction or reconstruction of a private house on your site. The money is allocated in two parts with an interval of 6 months (and to receive the second half of the amount you need to complete the main work on building the house);
receive reimbursement of expenses for an already built house using a certificate. The main condition is that it must be built after 2007.
payment for a child's education. You can use funds to pay for education in various institutions: from a private kindergarten and private school, to a driving school and a higher education institution. At the same time, a child student can even pay for accommodation in a university dormitory. The main thing is that the child is 3 years old (except for preschool fees), the eldest is under 25 years old, and the educational institution has a license;
payment for goods and services necessary for social adaptation and integration into society of disabled children. This does not apply to medical services and rehabilitation goods, which the state already provides to disabled people free of charge;
formation of a funded pension for the mother of children. At any time, maternity capital funds can be directed toward pension savings, and then at any time, withdrawn from there. True, the funded pension system has been in a “suspended” state for a long time, so the option is controversial;
arrange a monthly payment for a second child under 3 years of age in the amount of the subsistence minimum. This can only be done by those families whose average income per family member is below two subsistence levels in the region.

That is, in fact, you can receive maternity capital in cash - for example, as compensation for expenses for an already built house (even if it was built before the birth of the child) or in the form of monthly payments - over 3 years the state will pay approximately 400 thousand rubles (living wage per child in the regions - about 11 thousand rubles).

At the same time, in 2015 and 2021, the state paid, at the request of families, 20 and 25 thousand rubles one-time

. There have been no such payments since then, and none are expected in the future.

Pay for education

You can pay for a kindergarten, school or university, pay for clubs, courses, developmental programs and the child’s accommodation in a hostel. In this case, it does not matter which child “helped” to receive maternity capital - the money can be spent on any child in the family or on several at once. For example, a third child was born in a family, the second is still in school, and the first is already entering college. The mother can pay for the school activities of the second child and pay for university tuition and hostel fees for the first.

If the child is an adult, then you can use the money until he is 25 years old. After this age, you won’t be able to get maternity capital; it will “burn out.”

Required conditions:

the educational institution must be located on the territory of Russia, have a license to provide educational services and be a legal entity - private institutions and individual entrepreneurs are not suitable;
At the time of receiving the money, the child must not be more than 25 years old and must be a full-time student at an educational institution.

If parents receive compensation from the local budget for paying for kindergarten, then the amount minus this compensation will be allocated from maternity capital.

The pension fund will transfer money for the entire period specified in the agreement. If the child stopped studying or moved out of the hostel before the end of the contract, the mother must write a statement of refusal to send money and indicate the reason. For example, in connection with the expulsion of a child from university.

The pension fund transfers money to the account of the educational institution for about two months, so you need to conclude an agreement in advance.

How to get a certificate

The Russian Pension Fund is responsible for issuing certificates and organizing the entire process, but from 2021 this is no longer so important. If previously the mother had to personally contact the Pension Fund office and receive a paper certificate there, now everything is extremely simplified:

after the birth of a child, this fact is registered in the registry office;
The civil registry office sends data about this to the Pension Fund through its system;
The Pension Fund of Russia, having received the data (including SNILS), issues a certificate within 15 calendar days;
the parent will receive a certificate in the user’s personal account on the State Services portal.

Only if for some reason the certificate was not issued without application

, the mother should contact the Pension Fund with an application. This can be done directly at the State Services by filling out a simple form (you only need to enter information about the child), or by contacting the Pension Fund or MFC in person.

In addition, maternity capital certificates have already been converted into electronic document format

. That is, what will come to your personal account at State Services is a certificate.

For adaptation of disabled children

Maternity capital can be used to purchase goods and services that help disabled children live in society. The Order of the Government of the Russian Federation defines a list of goods and services for adaptation. There are only 48 of them. You can buy wheelchairs, lifts, special baths and reading devices, but you cannot pay for therapy, diapers or medicine. The only available service on the list is the help of a reader-secretary. The list does not include nannies and nurses.

The money cannot be received immediately - first, the parents buy the goods themselves, and then send an application for payment and a report on expenses to the Pension Fund, and the Pension Fund transfers compensation to the mother’s account within 40 working days after submitting the application.

What to do before submitting an application to the Pension Fund:

Pass a medical and social examination.

The hospital where the child is being seen will issue a referral for an examination. With him, the parents go to the medical and social examination institution and write a statement that, for medical reasons, the child needs specific goods. The application must be accompanied by a referral, birth certificate or passport of the child, SNILS, certificate of disability, individual adaptation program for a disabled child (IPRA, it is developed at the medical and social examination institution), medical documents (outpatient card, extracts from medical institutions ).

The application will be reviewed and a conclusion will be issued that the goods are really needed. The application must be attached to the package of documents to the Pension Fund for payment of compensation.

The individual rehabilitation program must be valid on the date of purchase of goods or services. Otherwise, you will not be able to receive compensation from maternity capital.

Receive an inspection report from the social security authority.

It is compiled by a social security employee - you need to leave an application with social security, within five days after the application, an employee will come to your home, check whether the goods were actually purchased, and draw up an inspection report. It must be attached to the documents for the issuance of maternity capital.

How to use money from the certificate?

It all depends on what purposes you plan to spend maternity capital. In short, in most cases you need to fill out an application for disposal of maternity capital funds, but each situation has its own conditions:

improvement of living conditions: the easiest way is to use capital for a mortgage, then you can fill out an application directly at the bank. If you plan to buy a home without a loan or build it, you need to write an application to the Pension Fund; this can be done through the MFC or your personal account on the department’s website. In each case, you need to attach a certain package of documents - for example, a purchase and sale agreement, an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate, an equity participation agreement, documents for the plot, etc.;
Important:
after the housing becomes the property of the family, shares in it must be allocated to all family members (that is, both parents and all children). The law does not stipulate what shares these will be.
child’s education: you need to write an application to the Pension Fund for the disposal of maternity capital funds and attach to it a certified copy of the agreement for the provision of paid educational services;
monthly payment for the second child: you need to submit an application to the Pension Fund (by any means), all necessary data, including information on family income, is collected by the Pension Fund independently;
mother's funded pension: one application to the Pension Fund is enough (and this decision can also be withdrawn upon application);
means of social rehabilitation of a disabled child: you need to submit an application to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, attaching a rehabilitation program, documents for the purchased funds, as well as a certificate of conformity of the goods.

In any option, you can manage your maternity capital without leaving your home - through State Services or your personal account on the website of the Russian Pension Fund.

Improve living conditions

Improving living conditions is the purchase of a new home, construction or reconstruction of a house or cottage. Repairs and the purchase of building materials are not considered an improvement in living conditions; maternal capital cannot be spent on this. Gasification of the house and installation of water supply, oddly enough, is also not an improvement; maternity capital will not be issued for such purposes.

How you can use maternity capital:

add to your own savings and buy an apartment;
use it to repay a housing loan;
make a down payment on a mortgage;
compensate for construction costs if the house has already been built;
pay an entrance fee to the developer if you are participating in shared construction;
pay the amount or part thereof under a shared construction agreement.

They do not give out money in person - the Pension Fund transfers the required amount to the bank, development company, contractor or individual who is selling the apartment. An application for the disposal of maternal capital can be signed at the bank, when applying for a mortgage or repaying a debt. The bank itself will transfer the information to the Pension Fund.

You can only receive cash capital in one case - if you are building or reconstructing a house yourself. Then they will transfer you up to 50% of the amount for construction, and after six months they will check what you built with this money. If the box of foundation, walls and roof is already ready, or the old house really gets bigger, the second part of the capital will be issued.

If a third child is born in the family, then you can add 450,000 rubles to the maternity capital, which the state gives to repay the loan. We told you how to get them.

Nuances you need to know:

Matkapital can be used to pay off a mortgage if the loan agreement is signed to the husband.
And even if it was concluded long before the birth of the child.
The money can be used to build a house or cottage on a garden plot. Ownership of land is mandatory.
There is no need to obtain a building permit - just submit a notification to the urban planning department of the city administration that the family will build a house. Forms have been developed for notifications; they must be filled out without errors or omissions, otherwise they may not be accepted.
Mortgages using maternal capital can only be issued in Dom.rf, licensed banks, credit and agricultural consumer cooperatives that have been operating for at least three years. The date that matters is March 29, 2021. If you took out a loan not from a bank, but from an employer, a private lending company or an MFO after this date, you will not be able to repay the debt with maternity capital. For contracts executed before the 29th, the restriction does not apply; maternity capital must be issued.
If in order to purchase a new home it is necessary to sell the old one in which the children had shares, then the consent of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities will be required.
You cannot use maternal capital to purchase housing that has been declared in disrepair or unfit for habitation.
It will not be possible to pay fines, commissions or penalties for late loans with Matkapital.
Housing purchased with the help of maternal capital must be registered as the common property of all family members, and shares must be allocated to children.
You can buy housing using maternal capital in any region of Russia, regardless of where the certificate was issued.

For mortgage loans using maternal capital, banks offer reduced rates - from 5% per annum. You can refinance your mortgage with another bank if part of the loan was repaid with maternal capital. True, not everyone agrees to such a deal - difficulties may arise with allocating shares in the apartment to children. You need to check with a specific bank to see if they will do such refinancing.

Mortgage calculator and bank selection

Maternity capital alone is not enough to buy a home. To buy a house, we also took advantage of the “Young Family” program of the city of Yalutorovsk. We waited our turn for almost 3 years. In 2021, when my first son turned 6 years old, the turn finally came. The certificate for the program amounted to just over a million, and the maternity capital for the second child was 453,000 rubles. It turned out to be 1,497,000 rubles.

At the same time, I had to fight a little with the bureaucracy. My second child was born in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and I received a certificate for maternity capital there. And then we moved and decided to use the certificate in the Tyumen region. Therefore, I wrote an application for the disposal of maternal capital funds and sent it to the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The regional Pension Fund reviewed the application, allowed the use of maternity capital funds and transferred them to the Tyumen Pension Fund.