Federal borrower protection program: who can participate in it and how

Home /Articles on bankruptcy of individuals

Author of the article: Konstantin Milantiev

Last revised November 17, 2021

Reading time 16 minutes

Thanks to mortgage lending, many Russian families have been able to find their own home. But the interest rate on home loans is quite high, despite the incentives and refinancing. The deterioration of the economic situation, layoffs, illness - all this negatively affects the income of citizens. And there is nothing to pay. But there is a way out. In Russia, there is federal protection for borrowers, which can be used by most mortgage holders who find themselves in a difficult financial situation.

Offered programs and their conditions

State support for borrowers extends to several social groups: the poor, families with children of military personnel.

JSC DOM.RF, which until 2021 was called JSC Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending, AHML, is responsible for the implementation of the financial assistance project from the reserve fund.

Through DOM.RF you can obtain information about current state support programs for new borrowers from preferential categories and for those who find themselves in difficult life situations.

In the summer, news appeared that VTB Bank and DOM.RF decided to create a universal program to support mortgage borrowers for all regions. According to its terms, you can count on subsidizing the payment of the interest rate, as well as the down payment. The program to help mortgage borrowers should be developed before the end of 2021. In 2022, a pilot project will be launched in Arkhangelsk, which will then be extended to all regions of the Russian Federation. The conditions will be the same for the entire market: for preferential categories of the population, the mortgage interest rate will be 6%, and for young families - 2%.

Federal protection for borrowers that extends beyond the scope of the mortgage

Everything is clear with the state program to help mortgage borrowers - it exists. Are there any analogues of state support for other categories of borrowers? For example, for holders of the most common consumer loans.

Unfortunately, such government official programs do not exist. The relationship between financial organizations and their clients is regulated by the current civil legislation of the country. For example, the laws “On Banks and Banking Activities” and “On Consumer Credit”.

However, there are certain ways to get rid of existing debts. Of course, we are talking about methods that do not contradict the law.

Only borrowers with mortgage loans can count on direct assistance from the state in protecting their rights

There is a support program for them that can significantly alleviate debt bondage. Other categories of debtors in the form of assistance can only count on legislative initiatives that establish or change the rules of the game in the lending market.

Bank loan restructuring

The main one is loan restructuring. In other words, a revision of its terms to reduce the monthly payment by increasing the life of the debt.

In order to start this procedure, you must submit an application to the creditor bank. The fact is that it is impossible to force the bank (or microfinance organization) to reconsider the terms of the agreement and restructure the loan. It is necessary to provide compelling arguments that the restructuring will benefit not only the debtor, but also the creditor.

A positive credit history, a long-standing relationship with a credit institution and the presentation of a convincing schedule for restoring an individual’s creditworthiness will speak in favor of the client. And professional lawyers can help prepare the necessary package of documents for this procedure and even negotiate with the creditor.

By the way, you need to choose lawyers very carefully. The Internet is replete with advertisements where companies with big names promise to get rid of any problems with overdue debts. Often, under such signs there are “swindlers” hiding, extracting money from clients and at the same time not giving any guarantees of a positive outcome. In the worst case, they will turn out to be elementary scammers who will disappear along with your money.

Remember - there are no federal debtor assistance centers that would coordinate the work of lawyers dealing with debt issues on behalf of the state. And if you come across such a name, then this is a private shop. Sometimes - conscientious. But more often than not, she simply wants to “make money” from the difficulties of debtors.

If the creditor categorically does not want to meet and refuses to restructure, you can file for bankruptcy through the arbitration court (see below for more details).

Debt restructuring during bankruptcy

If the bank refuses to restructure the loan, then the solution may be to apply to the court for bankruptcy with a request to introduce a judicial debt restructuring against the plaintiff. This option is possible if the debtor’s income to pay off the debt in installments is sufficient to satisfy the demands of creditors on new terms.

The terms of new payments will be set by the court, and they are always softer than bank ones. Therefore, if a client asks for restructuring, the arbitration court makes a decision on restructuring without declaring the citizen bankrupt.

But one thing must be taken into account - judicial restructuring, as a rule, is not suitable for a mortgage loan. Since such loans are not taken out for three years, but usually for a much longer period.

During judicial restructuring, an individual will be required to pay for the services of a financial manager - this is 25 thousand rubles, postage costs for notifying creditors and for publications about the procedure in the Kommersant publication and on the Fedresurs portal. In total, approximately 40-45 thousand rubles.

The maximum period for debt restructuring in court is 3 years (36 months). During this time, the debtor must return approximately 75-80% of the total debt to all creditors in equal proportions. The court will also review the interest rate on loans. It will be reduced to the level of the Bank of Russia discount rate at the time the court makes a decision.

In mid-September 2021, the Central Bank rate is at 6.75% per annum.

Mortgage holidays

The main program to help borrowers who cannot pay their mortgage is a credit holiday.

The right to receive them has been enshrined in Law No. 76-FZ since 2021; banks are required to provide a break in payments for housing.

Borrowers will be able to take advantage of the holiday:

• whose income over the last 2 months has decreased by 30% or more relative to the average monthly income for the previous year,
• citizens who have become unemployed, recognized as disabled or who have lost their ability to work for more than 2 months.

These circumstances must be documented.

Mortgage holidays: how can a borrower get a loan deferment in 2021 Related article

Vacations are provided in the following formats:

• reducing the size of the monthly payment with an increase in the loan term, that is, restructuring of payments;
• complete suspension of payments for up to six months;
• payment only of interest on the mortgage for the duration of the mortgage holiday;
• payment of interest + part of the debt in accordance with the borrower’s income level.

Citizens who have taken out a mortgage for their only home in an amount of up to 15 million rubles can take advantage of the legal right to receive a mortgage holiday. Vacations are provided only once during the contract period.

Lawyers at the Federal Center for Debtor Assistance will tell you whether you can count on government support and what documents you need in your case, or they will find other ways for you to solve your problem with credit debts.

Replacing foreign currency mortgages with ruble ones

Many mortgage borrowers found themselves in the unpleasant situation of financial collapse precisely because at one time they took out a loan in foreign currency. Long-term stability in the foreign exchange market weakened the vigilance of citizens, and it began to seem that nothing would shake the current situation. The amount of mortgage loans taken due to the jump in the exchange rate increased several times. And given the interest rate applied to them, repayment of dues has become simply unrealistic.

The state support program allows citizens who have taken out a mortgage in foreign currency to convert the loan into the ruble equivalent.

The restructuring of such loans is carried out not at the established rate, but according to the laws adopted today. The interest rate applied to the ruble equivalent should not exceed that provided by the bank today for issuing mortgage programs. The rate can be increased only in one case, if the borrower has violated the established insurance rules provided for in the loan agreement.

Where to get help from the state for a mortgage

First of all, the borrower should contact the bank that issued the mortgage. Almost all major Russian creditors are involved in the federal program. You need to contact the department for working with overdue debts, and if there are no arrears yet, but are looming, then you can contact any mortgage specialist.

It’s easy to find out who exactly to contact - call the bank’s helpline hotline.

Borrowers will also need documents that confirm they belong to one of the preferential categories:

• dismissal order and a copy of the work record book,
• children's birth certificates,
• disability document,
• veteran's certificate and others.

To confirm your income level, you will need certificates in form 2-NDFL, or an account statement from a self-employed person, or an individual entrepreneur’s declaration.

Under the borrower assistance program in 2021, clients of such banks as Sberbank, VTB, PJSC Rosbank, Moskommertsbank, Raiffeisenbank and DeltaCredit often apply.

The Government plans to further increase the amount of funding for the program. Let's take a closer look at personal programs to support individual social groups of citizens.

Procedure for borrowers

The application process includes several steps.

Collection of documents for AHML

Having prepared the necessary papers, the citizen sends them to the bank along with the application. The questionnaire can be pre-filled at home. It describes in detail the situation that caused the application to AHML. After submission, the documents are sent for verification.

The review takes at least a month, but some borrowers note that the wait lasts for six months. Sometimes additional documents are required.

Contacting the regulatory authority

If a positive decision is made, the agency informs the debtor about this. A meeting is scheduled to sign a new mortgage agreement. There is an option to add an additional agreement to an existing document.

A meeting is scheduled to sign a new mortgage agreement.

Submitting an application to the bank

After completing all stages, they contact the credit institution, where the changes made to the mortgage agreement are recorded. A new payment schedule is drawn up and adjustments are made to the mortgage.

Sample application.

Conditions for receiving assistance to state employees

Doctors and teachers can rely exclusively on regional assistance, but it does not apply in all cities. For example, in St. Petersburg there is such a targeted program, but in Moscow it does not yet exist.

Regional programs to assist the purchase of housing for doctors, teachers and social service workers operate in many regions. For example:

• in the Irkutsk region,
• in the Tyumen region,
• in the Krasnodar region.

Most often, assistance is provided when obtaining a loan, but there are also assistance programs in difficult financial situations.

How do they help St. Petersburg residents with housing?

It is planned that in St. Petersburg the 2021 mortgage borrower assistance program will operate until the end of 2022. Amounts are limited, and not everyone will be able to take advantage of the program.

To receive assistance, you must work as a teacher or doctor for at least 5 years. Also prove the need to improve living conditions (less than 33 square meters for one person, or up to 18 square meters for each family member).

In St. Petersburg, there is regional rather than federal protection for borrowers. Assistance from the St. Petersburg budget is provided to large families and those living in communal apartments: description of the program.

To register, you need to collect a package of documents:

Debt for housing and communal services: what the threat is, where it is published and what to doRelated article

• a statement signed by all family members;
• certificate of family composition;
• passport or other identification document of all applicants;
• confirmation that the person has lived in the city for more than 10 years;
• certificates from the Unified State Register of Real Estate, which indicate the absence of housing.

30 days are allotted for consideration of the application. Under the terms of the program, a public sector employee will need to independently pay 20% of the housing price, after which he will receive an installment plan without interest to pay 60% of the housing price for 10 years. The end date of the program may also be the moment of dismissal from a budgetary organization, municipal or federal service. If, after 10 years, the borrower is still working as a teacher or doctor, the city will pay the remaining amount.

What documents need to be prepared?

It is better to prepare a set of papers for AHML in advance. Then the citizen will submit an application the first time, and, accordingly, will receive government financial assistance faster.

The standard list of documents includes:

• copies of passports of all family members of the applicant, co-borrower, guarantors;
• paper confirming entry into a preferential category. This could be a certificate of disability, a decision of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities on adoption, a certificate of a combat veteran;
• certificate of family composition;
• copies of work records of all family members, certified by the personnel department of the employing enterprises;
• certificates in form 2-NDFL. They must indicate income for the last three months;
• a copy of the mortgage agreement;
• Bank statements;
• certificate from the Pension Fund;
• apartment purchase and sale agreement, residential building;
• cadastral passport for the apartment;
• extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate for real estate.

AHML or the bank has the right to expand this list of documents. You can find out the exact list of securities by calling a credit institution or AHML.

Conditions for receiving assistance to military personnel

State support for military personnel is regulated by Law No. 117-FZ and Order of the Ministry of Defense No. 245.

According to these regulations, military personnel can participate in the NIS - a savings-mortgage system. This system involves the transfer of funds from the state budget to personal accounts. The amount of the savings contribution in 2021 is almost 300 thousand rubles. This amount is indexed annually based on the inflation rate.

For the first 20 years, the military has the right to spend the funds received exclusively on the purchase of housing. In the future, the money can be spent on other needs. You can use the accumulated amount for a down payment on a mortgage after three years of participation in the NIS.

The state program allows you to buy housing on both the secondary and primary markets. It is also possible to purchase a house with a plot of land, or part of it. The purchased property can be in any region of the country - there is no connection to a military unit.

The serviceman enters into a loan agreement with Rosvoenipoteka. The loan is paid by the state, but according to the conditions, the person must return part of the funds if he does not serve for 20 years.

Until he returns the funds, the housing will be pledged to the state. A double pledge mechanism is also used, when the apartment is simultaneously pledged to the state and the bank, in proportion to the funds that still need to be returned.

Without the consent of the mortgagees, the property cannot be donated or sold, but it will be possible to live there, register and register other persons.

The duration of the program depends on many factors:

Bankruptcy of military personnelRelated article

• age of the serviceman;
• service life limit;
• the amount of the down payment;
• required amount of assistance.

A military serviceman cannot influence the term of repayment of the mortgage, but every year the term decreases as the amount of the contribution increases.

Even with such a loan, debt can arise. The fact is that the state does not always transfer funds to the bank on time, and from month to month a penalty arises, which is why the loan cannot be fully repaid in the last month. You will need to pay the penalty and close the mortgage, and this takes time.

Not all military personnel can count on subsidies, but only:

• officers with secondary or higher education or those who entered service from the reserve after 2015;
• midshipmen and warrant officers who served more than three years after 2015;
• sailors, soldiers, petty officers and sergeants who served more than 3 years or entered into a contract after the beginning of 2015 and before 2021.

If a serviceman dies, his spouse and children receive the right to obtain a mortgage with state support. If the borrower was insured, the insurance company will return the debt to the bank, otherwise - the state.

To receive assistance from AHML for mortgage borrowers, the package of documents from the military personnel must include:

• personal card;
• serviceman's passport (copy);
• contract (copy);
• a copy of the report addressed to the unit commander (for those who began serving before 2005).

The maximum amount of support cannot be more than the savings in a personal account for 20 years. This means that if a military man leaves service without a valid reason before the end of this period, he will have to return the remaining money to the state.

After 10 years of service, it will be possible to receive funds that are multiples of savings over a 20-year period. After the end of service, the accumulated funds can be withdrawn from the account and used at your discretion.

To apply for state support, you need to contact Rosvoenipoteka. The application is reviewed within 10 days. During this period, documents are checked, the presence of encumbrances on the purchased property is determined, and financial calculations are made. After this, the applicant will receive an answer: he is put on a waiting list, given another 20 days to collect additional documents, or is denied assistance.

What help can be provided

It is important to understand that borrowers in need are not completely exempt from making monthly loan payments and from paying premiums for property or personal insurance. However, a number of options have been developed to provide effective assistance in housing lending, which will help mitigate the current situation.

Among the types of such assistance in 2022:

• changing the loan currency (relevant for clients who received a loan before the end of 2014 in a foreign currency);
• lowering the current lending rate (it cannot be higher than the value in force on the date of conclusion of the restructuring agreement for ruble loans and higher than 11.5% for foreign currency loans);
• reduction of residual debt to the bank by 30%, but not more than 1.5 million rubles;
• write-off of accrued penalties, penalties and fines that have already been paid by the client by court decision.

IMPORTANT! Which assistance option will be used will depend on the nuances of the current situation in the borrower’s life. Each application is considered individually.

Conditions for receiving assistance for large families

The issue is regulated by Law No. 157-FZ dated July 3, 2019. The main condition is the birth of a third or subsequent child between the beginning of 2021 and the end of 2022. In this case, the family has the opportunity to receive 450 thousand rubles to cover mortgage debts.

If the debt is below this amount, the mortgage will be completely closed, and the remaining funds will be transferred to the family. You can only become a participant in the program once.

The mortgage can be issued until July 1, 2023. The dates of the loan and the birth of the child are not related to each other. The law does not specify another duration of the program.

Parents with many children who have Russian citizenship and are not deprived of parental rights can take advantage of the offer.

What will happen to the only housing in the event of bankruptcy of individuals? Related article

Required documents:

• passport;
• children's birth certificates;
• documents for real estate that is under mortgage.

You must submit your application and collected documents to the bank where the mortgage loan was originally issued.

In addition, a large family can refinance their old mortgage at 6%, thereby further reducing their payments. Also, do not forget about regional benefits and payments, which you need to find out about at the social security department.

Procedure

To receive government financial support to repay part of the remaining mortgage loan, the borrower will need to go through a step-by-step procedure. It consists of the following steps:

1. A package of documents is submitted to the credit institution that issued the mortgage loan.
2. The bank reviews the submitted application and issues its verdict.
3. If the decision is positive, the applicant moves on to the next step, and if the decision is negative, he can contact the interdepartmental commission for a more detailed consideration of the circumstances and a more individual response.
4. A new loan agreement is concluded or an additional agreement is prepared to an existing form.

First, the bank repays the difference from its own funds, but then the entire specified amount is compensated by AHML

Contacting the bank

Many borrowers complain that the bank refuses to restructure their mortgage loan, not wanting to consider documents for receiving government support. It should be taken into account that not all credit institutions are included in the AHML list, which complicates the possibility of cooperation. If the refusal is the initiative of the bank, then you can safely submit an application to the interdepartmental commission, since such actions are considered unlawful.

A borrower who, in his own opinion, meets the established requirements and conditions of state support is required to fill out an application form. This form is confirmed by the collected documents and submitted to the creditor for examination and a final verdict.

A positive decision results in a revision of previously established payment amounts. Before signing new agreements with the bank, you should decide on the method of compensation - one-time or in installments to pay off monthly payments.

Contacting AHML

The entire registration procedure is carried out in close cooperation between the bank and AHML. If the process follows a standard path, then the citizen will not have to apply to AHML on his own; this will be handled by the lender. The bank submits the already reviewed documents to the agency, which, based on them, transfers the agreed amount of compensation to the financial organization.

If the creditor rejected the application for debt restructuring or decided to compensate only a small part of it, which, in the opinion of the property owner himself, is unjustified, a commission review of the situation can be initiated. In some cases, the commission may decide to pay 100% of the debt, but for this purpose the reasons must be very compelling.

Conditions for receiving assistance to the poor

Low-income families include families where the income for each member is below the subsistence level established in a given subject of the Russian Federation.

You can learn about all the benefits and payments that a citizen or his family is entitled to online on the website of the Unified State Social Security Information System.

Very limited financial assistance is provided:

• one-time payments, the amount of which is established by each region, usually do not exceed the amount of one minimum wage;
• in-kind assistance consists of providing medicines, fuel, food - that is, it is simply impossible to use it to repay a loan or mortgage;
• social benefits aimed at increasing the level of family income to the subsistence level - the amount of benefits is set at the regional level, but does not exceed several thousand rubles per family;
• a social contract is targeted payments aimed at treatment, training, obtaining a profession or starting a business. You will have to account for the money spent, so you won’t be able to repay your housing loan from these payments either.

There are also regional programs for the resettlement of citizens from dilapidated and dilapidated housing, which from 2022 will be supplemented by a unified federal program, currently covering 9 constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

List of requirements

AHML sets conditions relating not only to the borrower, but also to the characteristics of the housing.

To the mortgage loan and agreement

Not every mortgage is eligible for restructuring. The state imposes the following requirements for the loan:

1. The monthly payment must increase by at least 30%. The first and pre-application contributions are compared.
2. The creditor bank must participate in the state program.
3. Contracts executed more than a year ago are subject to restructuring. When submitting an application, the debtor provides the bank with all documents related to the loan.

The monthly payment must increase by at least 30%.

Government support is aimed at reducing the debt burden on borrowers who took out foreign currency mortgages.

In such cases, the monthly payment increases by 2 or more times. Despite this, an application can also be submitted if you have a ruble loan that does not imply fixed or decreasing installments. The size of the total debt does not matter.

To the financial situation of the borrower

The income of the family member of the citizen who took out the mortgage after making the payment should not exceed 2 subsistence minimums. The program is designed for borrowers with average incomes, for whom a loan becomes an unbearable burden.

To the lending object

A borrower can submit an application to AHML if:

1. The home is the only piece of real estate owned by the family.
2. The apartment purchased on credit is located in Russia and is used as collateral. The federal law applies to any type of housing, including those purchased under a shared construction agreement.
3. The area of ​​a 1-room apartment does not exceed 45 square meters. m, 2-room - 65 sq. m.
4. Cost of 1 sq. m of housing is no more than 60% higher than the average market price per unit of area. When making calculations, information from Rosstat is used.

The restrictions considered do not apply to families with 3 or more children.

The borrower can submit an application to AHML if the housing is the only property.

Conditions for receiving youth assistance

Young families in need of improved housing conditions can receive social benefits to purchase a home or pay off a mortgage. The program includes spouses under the age of 35 with or without children, young families with one or more children, single parents under 35 with a child.

Under the terms of the state program, they are entitled to the following payments:

• 35% of the property price for families with children;
• 30% of the property price for childless families.

To receive assistance, you need to submit an application to your local government.

Which banks participate in the program

In 2021, banks can offer 73 types of family mortgages. Housing loans with government support are issued by many credit organizations, but the most popular of them are:

• Sberbank;
• Gazprombank;
• Alfa Bank;
• Post Bank;
• Bank DOM.RF;
• Rosselkhozbank.

The borrower has the right to independently choose a banking institution to apply for a mortgage. The main condition for providing state support is certification of a credit institution by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and cooperation with the Government of the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, ADB Vice President Alexey Voylukov believes that a reduction in the Central Bank rate could lead to negative consequences.

If this year the Central Bank once again reduces the key rate by another 1 percentage point, then it will be unprofitable for credit institutions to lend to the population on preferential terms.

ADB Vice President Alexey Voylukov

Preferential mortgage programs

Additionally, the state offers citizens the opportunity to purchase housing on preferential terms by becoming participants in one of the following programs:

• Family mortgage at 6%. The legislation does not put forward any requirements for the age of parents, but there are requirements for housing. This must be new real estate - an apartment or a house with a plot of land. If previously only families with 2 children or one disabled child could receive assistance, then from July 2021 the program is available for families with even one child, if he was born no earlier than 2018.
• Preferential mortgage at 7%. Under this program, you can purchase subsidized housing from a developer or an apartment in a new building. The maximum amount for all regions is 3 million rubles.
• Far Eastern mortgage at 2%. To receive this rate, you need to take out two types of insurance - for your life and for your home. The down payment amount is from 15%. In fact, the bank will still receive the interest for which the agreement was concluded with the borrower, but the rest of the amount will be paid by the state. For this purpose, more than 800 billion rubles were allocated from the budget. The program began operating in 2021, and has already changed several times in favor of borrowers.
• Rural mortgage up to 3%. You can buy housing on the secondary market under this program only in rural areas or small towns. The down payment upon purchase is 10%, the loan term is 25 years.

Mortgage after bankruptcy of an individualRelated article

To take advantage of this form of social support from the state, you need to contact the bank to apply for a mortgage loan. If a citizen meets the requirements of the program, he will be able to receive a preferential mortgage loan. However, it should be remembered that not all banks are participants in the program (534 lenders participate in the state program), and the preferential amount has limitations.

Borrowers who do not qualify for these programs or do not wish to participate in them may repay part of the loan or change the payment terms in the following ways:

• Use maternity capital funds. It can be used to improve living conditions. You can make a down payment or repay the loan immediately after the birth of the child. You can buy a home without a mortgage loan or build a house only three years after the birth of your child.
• Mortgage refinancing. You need to collect documents and contact any bank offering refinancing. Depending on the terms of the program, borrowers will be able to reduce the amount of monthly payments, shorten the loan term or the final overpayment.

Do borrowers need help preparing documents or are you looking for other ways to pay off debts? The Federal Debtor Assistance Center offers comprehensive services to resolve past overdue debts and write off debts. You can consult with a credit lawyer by phone or using the online feedback form on the page.

Citizen bankrupt

As a last resort, if it was not possible to use other tools, what remains is not the most pleasant, but nevertheless effective procedure. This is a personal bankruptcy procedure. This opportunity became available to Russians in October 2015, after amendments to the bankruptcy law came into force.

And in 2021, new amendments to the law opened up new opportunities for citizens. We are talking about simplified bankruptcy. Considering that this opportunity is officially approved by the state, it can also be considered a kind of state program for the protection of debtors.

Now you can come to bankruptcy in two ways, depending on the circumstances - out of court and through the court. The out-of-court method (through a system of multifunctional centers, MFCs) is suitable for those borrowers whose debts range from 50 thousand to half a million rubles. And who do not have property - this fact should be indicated by the court and bailiffs.

In this case, the procedure will be free and will take six months. After this, obligations to all creditors declared by the debtor will be repaid. Please note - only to those creditors who will be included by the debtor in the appropriate list, which is submitted in the application for recognition of extrajudicial bankruptcy.

The remaining debts will remain with the bankrupt, despite his new status. Therefore, it is so important to remember and add to the list of loans the maximum number of those to whom you owe.

If the amount of debts is more than 500 thousand rubles, then only the option of bankruptcy through an arbitration court will be available. In this case, the court will appoint a financial manager. But you must remember that his services are paid - 25 thousand rubles. You will also have to pay 300 rubles in state duty. And pay the costs of notifying creditors and publishing messages about it. That you have decided to write off your debts.

You can find out the details of both bankruptcy procedures on the State Services website.

The most important thing to remember when considering bankruptcy as an option to pay off debts is that bankruptcy status imposes a number of restrictions on a citizen. For several years, it will be impossible for him to take out new loans without indicating his bankruptcy status and to manage companies. And also it will not be possible to go bankrupt again: in court - for 5 years, through the MFC - for 10 years.